Chair: “Very good afternoon, everyone. Excellence Ambassador Jose Antonio Zabelgochia, chair of the Commission on Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice, our sister commission ambassadors, excellencies, distinguished delegates, colleagues, and friends, it is my honour to open this special event of the Commission on Narcotic Drugs to mark the International Day Against Drug Abuse and Illicit Trafficking. This year, under the theme ‘Investing in Promotion for Prevention,’ addressing the impacts of drugs on people, planet, and security. Each year on June 26, we gather to reaffirm our collective commitment to address the world drug problem in all its dimensions. This event serves as a poignant reminder of our shared responsibility to act with urgency, compassion, and resolve. In addressing matters related to this issue, on the basis of hard and verified data.  We would all like to thank the UNODC for its consistent work, which I believe has been ongoing for nearly twenty years. It’s been published on an annual basis and is, as I said, a very vital tool for all of us. It equips us with the knowledge needed to make informed decisions, adapt to evolving threats, and design comprehensive interventions. This year’s thematic chapters focus on three urgent challenges: the health and social impact of drug use on individuals, families, and communities, emphasizing the need for early intervention, treatment and support. The environmental toll of illicit drug markets includes deforestation and the contamination of water, air, and soil. The complex relationship between drugs and organized crime, with new research helping us move towards intelligence-led responses to address the structure and operations of these criminal groups. Let us make today not only a commemoration, but a call to action. Let us commit to translating data into impactful research, reform, and solidarity into progress. Thank you. Let me now turn to our speakers today. I’m told that we have a video message from the Executive Director of UNODC.”

UNODC Director: “Illicit drug markets and instability breed one another. The cocaine market is breaking records while ravaging communities along its supply chain with deadly violence. Synthetic drug production is thriving in the ungoverned pockets created by conflict, from Europe to Southeast Asia to the Middle East. And opioid trafficking continues to generate hundreds of millions of dollars in conflict settings, and billions along volatile trafficking routes. Organized crime groups are turning turmoil into business, and drugs are a centrepiece of their business model. Meanwhile, the prevalence of drug use has increased by sixteen percent, and Illicit crop cultivation. By equipping law enforcement with the skills and tech to dismantle drug trafficking networks and keep up with the ever-changing threats. And by enhancing international cooperation in the face of cross-border drug trafficking, including through joint operations and the sharing of intelligence. Prevention and preparedness are key to breaking the cycle of organized crime that preys on vulnerable individuals. Especially women, young people, and the most vulnerable. On this International Day, let us commit to a safer, healthier, and more prosperous world, free from the grip of drug abuse and trafficking. UNODC’s 2025 World Drug Report is a powerful resource as we pursue those goals. This year’s report addresses significant drug trends, from the continuing growth of key markets to the harms of drug use on people and communities, to evolving drug policies and responses. To the relationship between drugs and organized crime, and much more. I’m proud of this latest edition of our flagship report, and I hope that it will empower our member states and partners to design and implement effective drug responses.”

Chair: “Thank you. We now turn to the official presentation of the 2025 World Drug Report. This report, as I said, is a cornerstone of our work, offering empirical evidence and thematic insights that inform policy decisions and implementation strategies. I have the pleasure of inviting Ms. Angela May, Chief of the Research and Trend Analysis Branch at UNODC, to present the key findings. Ms. May, you have the floor.” 

Chief of the Research and Trend Analysis Branch at UNODC: “Thank you, Chair, and good afternoon. Before I begin, I want to sincerely thank and acknowledge the incredible team behind this year’s World Drug Report. Producing such a comprehensive analysis is a major undertaking, and it truly takes a village. I want to recognize Thomas, Danica, and Jorit for their leadership. A special thanks goes to Markus and the data and statistics section, who worked tirelessly on processing and managing the data, often bothering you for the numbers we needed. I’d also like to thank the drug monitoring platform team, led by Francesca, who enabled the production of so many of the maps you’ll see today, maps that, sadly, may not be there next year due to budget constraints. Thank you as well to Gerald for the online platform work, to our colleagues from the Middle East and Africa offices, and to the graphic design team, Suzanne, who is working on her last World Drug Report, Tina, and Maria, for helping us present our work so clearly and beautifully. Editing support came from Jules and Jonathan, and we had fantastic help from our interns Gaitan and Silke. Thank you to everyone who contributed.

Let me now begin the presentation and walk you through the latest trends. As you have already heard, the global cocaine market continues to reach record highs. We estimate 3,700 tonnes of pure cocaine were produced globally, which is 34 percent higher than what we had previously estimated. While flows remain concentrated toward parts of Europe, we are also seeing the emergence of new trafficking routes and markets in regions that previously had little exposure to cocaine. South Asia, Southeast Asia, and parts of Africa are increasingly affected, not just by rising seizures but also by increases in the number of people seeking treatment. This suggests that both trafficking and health-related impacts of cocaine are expanding geographically.

We also continue to see rising quantities and diversification in synthetic drugs. While fentanyl and other synthetic opioids dominate in North America, methamphetamine is surging in Southeast Europe and in other regions. In the Middle East, we are monitoring political developments in Syria, which has long been a key producer of Captagon. Despite changes on the ground, seizures of Captagon pills, numbering in the millions, continue to be reported across the region. This may indicate ongoing production or the release of existing stockpiles. In Africa and elsewhere, we are also witnessing non-medical use of pharmaceutical drugs alongside synthetic drugs. These developments point to the global and regional complexity of the synthetic drug threat.

Turning to opioids, production of heroin has decreased sharply following the drug ban in Afghanistan two years ago. This has led to a global decline in heroin production. Based on past years’ high output, we estimate there are still some stockpiles, but signs of heroin shortages are beginning to appear in destination countries. While fentanyl remains a major concern, we are also now observing the emergence of a new threat: a class of synthetic opioids referred to as nitazenes. These substances are even more potent than fentanyl, with some being up to 500 times stronger than heroin. They have been detected in multiple regions and have caused overdoses and deaths. Some of them have already been placed under international control; however, vigilance remains crucial in this area.

Regarding new psychoactive substances, or NPS, the data actually suggests a relative success story. The number of NPS on the market has been decreasing, and in cases where substances emerge and are placed under control, the threat is often reduced. National-level data on overdose deaths confirms that opioids continue to be the main substances responsible for fatal overdoses. This suggests that international and national controls are having some effect, although the overall synthetic drug threat remains serious.

Drug use globally continues to rise. In 2023, we estimate that 316 million people used drugs, with part of this increase due to population growth, but also due to higher prevalence rates. Of these, around 64 million people have drug use disorders, which is a 13 percent increase over the past decade. Alarmingly, only 8.1 percent of those with drug use disorders had access to treatment in 2023. There is a gender disparity as well, with only one in eighteen women receiving treatment compared to one in seven men. We also estimate that around 14 million people inject drugs. Among them, 6.9 million are living with hepatitis C, 1.7 million with HIV, and 1.5 million with both. In terms of deaths, opioids continue to be the leading cause of fatal overdoses, although HIV-related deaths among people who use drugs have decreased, suggesting a positive impact of global prevention and treatment efforts in this area.

One of the key points in this year’s report is the complex and varied impact of drug use. There is no single pattern for how drugs affect individuals, families, and communities. The type of drug, frequency and method of use, the age of the user, and the broader context all play a role. Contextual modifiers such as stigma, access to services, and the prevailing policy environment can either exacerbate or mitigate harm. For example, in a context where drug use is heavily criminalized and stigmatized, the impact on individuals and families may be far more severe than in a setting where harm reduction and support services are readily available. This complexity must be taken into account when designing policy responses, as interventions in one area can have ripple effects across others.

The report also presents data on the criminal justice response. Based on data from member states, we estimate the number of people going through the justice system for drug-related offenses. The first layer is first contact, which includes arrests or cautions. The second is prosecution, and the third is conviction. The majority of people processed through this system are there for drug use or possession, not trafficking. This raises important questions about the effectiveness of these responses in addressing the drug market. Criminalizing users does not necessarily disrupt supply or dismantle trafficking networks. On the right side of the report’s chart, you will see how countries differ in their approaches to criminalizing specific drug-related activities, such as cultivation, production, trafficking, purchase, and use. The most variation exists in how countries treat personal use and possession.

A dedicated chapter focuses on organized crime, aiming to support law enforcement by providing a more nuanced understanding of criminal structures. Drugs remain the highest source of profit for organized crime groups, but these groups are not monolithic. Their structures range from highly centralized to fragmented networks. In decentralized systems, targeting leadership can sometimes escalate violence rather than dismantling operations. Therefore, law enforcement strategies must be adapted to the specific structure of each group to be effective.

Finally, we consider the environmental impact of drugs, particularly synthetic drugs and cannabis cultivation. In Europe, the production of synthetic drugs generates significant amounts of chemical waste, much of which is not accompanied by the detection of corresponding laboratories, suggesting that substantial pollution is occurring undetected. This waste can contaminate soil, water, and communities. Regarding cannabis, the report finds that indoor cultivation has a much higher environmental footprint than outdoor cultivation, due to energy consumption and waste. These environmental aspects are often overlooked but are important for understanding the broader harms of drug production and use. That concludes this overview. Thank you again to the team, to the Commission, and to everyone contributing to this work.”

Chair: “Thank you, Miss Me. This was a very insightful and comprehensive briefing. I encourage everyone to read the full report and continue the discussion, as there is clearly much more to learn from your work. I especially appreciated that you took the time to thank all your colleagues; those contributions are what make such a report possible. The presentation clearly highlights the scale and depth of the challenges we face, reinforcing the importance of grounding our actions in data and science. I found your effort to delve into the details of how organized crime intersects with the narcotics trade particularly valuable. That kind of clarity is extremely useful for our collective efforts. In that connection, I now have the pleasure of inviting the Chair of the Commission on Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice, His Excellency Ambassador Zabel Gochia, to take the floor.”

Chair CCPCJ: “Thank you, Mr. Chair. It is always a challenge to speak after Angela May, especially after such a compelling presentation, which has made us eager to explore the full report in detail. So thank you, Angela, for that. And thank you, Mr. Chair, for the invitation to the Commission on Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice to be part of this important event. Distinguished colleagues, it is an honour to join you today for the launch of the 2025 World Drug Report and to speak as Chair of the CCPCJ. The theme I would like to highlight is the deepening nexus between drug trafficking and organized crime, an issue that could not be more urgent. As this year’s report clearly illustrates, drug trafficking remains one of the most significant income sources for organized criminal groups across the globe, generating hundreds of billions of dollars in illicit proceeds. In many countries, these profits fund violence, undermine public institutions, and erode trust in the rule of law.

Addressing this complex and evolving challenge requires sound, evidence-based policies. That is precisely why the World Drug Report is such a vital resource, not only for its comprehensive data and analysis of trends, but also for its role in shaping effective and coordinated responses. The report demonstrates that criminal groups engaged in drug trafficking are diverse in structure and operation, ranging from agile, decentralized networks to hierarchical cartels. It underscores that drug trafficking does not occur in isolation, but is deeply interconnected with other forms of serious crime, including corruption, money laundering, firearms trafficking, and even human trafficking. This is not just a question of illicit trade, it is a multidimensional threat to development, to peace and security, and to the social fabric of our communities.

To counter this threat, we need strategies rooted in reliable data and research. Strengthening national capabilities for data collection, cross-border analysis, and monitoring organized crime networks is essential. Only with such insights can we identify vulnerabilities, design targeted responses, and ensure the proportionality and effectiveness of our efforts. This is where the mandates of our two commissions, the CND and the CCPCJ, are not only complementary but deeply interlinked. While the CND provides a global platform for shaping drug policy, the CCPCJ works to strengthen criminal justice systems and foster international cooperation to tackle transnational organized crime.

Our work is more interconnected than ever. Together, we offer Member States a comprehensive framework to address both the world drug problem and the threats posed by organized crime, coherently, collaboratively, and grounded in shared responsibility. As Chair of the CCPCJ, I welcome the spotlight placed on the drug-crime nexus in this year’s World Drug Report. It is a powerful testament to the importance of data-driven policymaking. I look forward to our discussions today and to continued collaboration with the CND, UNODC, and all partners committed to promoting peace, security, and justice.”

Chair CND: “Thank you very much, Ambassador, for that intervention. And for underlining the interdependence of our efforts. As he noted, effective responses must take into account the evolving nature of organized crime, and I think today’s conversation is a step in the right direction. We now move to our panel discussion, and I’m pleased to invite Ms. Joffe, Deputy Permanent Representative and Minister Counsellor of the Permanent Mission of the Republic of Singapore, to take the floor.”

Singapore: “Thank you, Ambassador Kumaran. Excellencies, distinguished delegates, it is an honour for my delegation to join you today and share a few reflections as we mark this important occasion: the International Day Against Drug Abuse and Illicit Trafficking, and the launch of the 2025 World Drug Report by the UNODC. First, I must apologize on behalf of Ambassador Majbatia, who was unfortunately unable to join us virtually from Geneva at the last minute. I will therefore deliver these remarks on his behalf.

We extend our sincere thanks to the UNODC and warmly congratulate Angela Me, Chloé Carpentier, and the entire Research and Trend Analysis Branch team for their consistently strong work. This year’s report is another outstanding contribution. I would like to briefly depart from my prepared remarks to personally thank Angela for her dedication over the past decade. Your work has made a lasting impact on the World Drug Report and on this community. We are grateful for your contributions and wish you all the best. You will be missed. We were pleased to have sponsored a chapter in this year’s report. This chapter explores the complex and layered impacts of drug use on individual health, families, and broader community well-being. It highlights the importance of socially and health-oriented interventions that can prevent, interrupt, or mitigate the pathways of harm associated with drug use. We hope this chapter contributes to a deeper understanding of the drug problem and supports the development of targeted, data-informed, and effective responses. Ultimately, we believe our shared goal is to advance practical, evidence-based solutions to this evolving global challenge.

The theme of this year’s event, ‘Investing in Prevention and Addressing the Impacts of Drugs on People, the Planet, and Security,’ is both timely and essential. In Singapore, prevention is a cornerstone of our national drug control strategy, with a strong focus on protecting lives, especially through early intervention and youth education. Young people today face increasing exposure to drug misinformation, particularly online. Our response includes education, empathy, and engagement. We work closely with our Voluntary Drug-Free SG Champions, families, and communities to raise awareness and build resilience.

In 2024, Singapore introduced the annual National Drug Victims Remembrance Day. This day serves both to remember the victims of drug abuse, including individuals struggling with addiction, their families, and affected communities, and to remind the public that drug abuse is not a victimless act. It recognizes the broader harm that drugs cause and seeks to rally the entire community to stand together against the threat. Since 2017, our Central Narcotics Bureau has also organized the “Drug-Free SG Light-Up” initiative. This initiative highlights prominent landmarks across Singapore and invites citizens from all walks of life to illuminate their homes as a symbol of support for a drug-free society. It is more than a public campaign; it is a collective pledge by society to reject drug abuse and trafficking and to support a healthier, safer future for all.

Distinguished delegates, Singapore stands in solidarity with the global community. While our national approaches may differ, our shared objective remains the same: to protect our communities from the scourge of illicit drugs. We remain committed to international cooperation, to advancing prevention, promoting evidence-based strategies, and ultimately, protecting lives. Thank you.”

Chair CND: “Thank you very much for that pointed and perceptive intervention. Ms. Tang Next, we will hear from miss Margarita Voglieb, chief of sector for policies against organized crime and terrorism of the directorate of public order and security policies of Albania Miss Wagli is joining us online. Madam, you have the floor.”

Albania: “Thank you, Mr. Chair, excellencies, esteemed panelists and delegates. I am honored to address this panel today on the impact of drugs on people, the planet, and security, and to reflect on the importance of investing in prevention. I represent the Ministry of Interior of Albania, and my remarks will focus on the nexus between drug trafficking and organized crime, exploring the relevance of this connection and the need to invest in more effective law enforcement responses tailored to disrupt criminal networks involved in the drug trade.

I thank you for convening today on an issue of profound national and global significance. The nexus between drugs and organized crime has been clearly laid out in the most recent UNODC World Drug Report. According to the report, global coca cultivation and cocaine production reached unprecedented levels in 2022, with production increasing by 20 percent compared to the previous year. Demand in Europe continues to rise, with Balkan-linked criminal networks playing a central role in the movement of shipments. Albania remains one of the key transit points for heroin and cocaine, both through the Balkan route and via direct connections to South American criminal groups.

Illegal drug activity in Albania continues to be closely tied to criminal networks. Based on data, the country is primarily affected by the cultivation and production of cannabis, positioning Albania both as a site of production and a transit hub into the European market. Albania’s geographical location contributes significantly to its role in regional trafficking dynamics. In recent years, synthetic drug use and trafficking have also been observed. Seizures have included thousands of doses and hundreds of grams of substances such as methadone, ketamine, methamphetamines, and chemical precursors. These cases highlight the growing complexity of the drug landscape and the increasing exposure of users to multiple substances.

In response, the Albanian government has intensified its efforts to combat drug-related harm and align its policies with international standards. In 2024, we launched the National Drug Observatory under the Ministry of Health, and we are in the process of fully operationalizing the National Early Warning System. These institutions aim to improve monitoring, provide timely alerts, and inform policy action. In parallel, updates to the Albanian Criminal Code are underway and are expected to be approved in 2025. These revisions will enhance our ability to tackle drug trafficking and its associated crimes. We have also finalized Law No. 23, which regulates the cultivation and processing of cannabis for medical and industrial purposes.

Strategically, Albania is implementing a National Health Strategy through 2030 and an action plan for the prevention and treatment of drug-related harm through 2026. A strategy to combat organized crime and serious crime is in place through 2025 and is currently being revised to increase impact at the community level and strengthen resilience through regional cooperation with partner countries.

Our efforts have focused on improving inter-institutional coordination, enhancing investigative capabilities, and strengthening collaboration with regional and international counterparts. We are using specialized investigative techniques including simulated operations, undercover infiltration, and controlled deliveries. A particularly successful operation last year serves as an example of this approach. Conducted by the Special Structure for Anti-Corruption and Organized Crime in collaboration with the Albanian State Police and international law enforcement agencies, the operation resulted in the arrest of ten individuals, both Albanian and Latin American nationals. Authorities uncovered a cocaine processing laboratory near Tirana International Airport, chosen by the criminal group for its discreet location and logistical advantages. Additional support locations were found in Tirana and other major cities. Seized materials included 48 tons of unprocessed material suspected to be contaminated with cocaine, six kilograms of processed cocaine, and ninety kilograms of solid cutting agents.

This operation underscores the value of coordinated intelligence sharing, cross-border cooperation, and targeted financial investigations. It also highlights the importance of strengthening the rule of law, advancing anti-corruption measures, and investing in youth employment and social cohesion to address root causes. Human rights-centered and evidence-based policies remain essential to dismantling organized criminal groups. We believe that cooperation with the UNODC and the broader international community is key to improving our national strategies and advancing our shared fight against illicit drug trafficking. Thank you very much.”

Chair CND: “We now move to our next panellist. It’s a youth speaker. Mr. Giovanni Ferrillo of Italy.”

Giovanni: “I’m Giovanni. I’m 19 years old, and I study foreign languages at the University of Naples L’Orientale. One of my hobbies is making music. I also work on a social project that uses assets confiscated from organized crime to produce and sell local agricultural products. This initiative, known as NCO, short for “Nuova Cucina Organizzata” or “New Organized Kitchen,” helps restore dignity, rights, and a positive identity to our community.

I live in Casal di Principe, a small town of about 22,000 inhabitants in Campania, Southern Italy. Unfortunately, my town has carried a heavy reputation due to its history of high crime rates, illicit trafficking, and deep contamination of the political and economic systems by organized criminal groups. These groups have not only operated locally, but also maintained international connections. Throughout the 1980s and 1990s, their presence was overwhelming. They operated with economic power and violent control, imposing a kind of criminal rule closely associated with the Camorra.

You can read about the killings, extortion, and intimidation in the newspapers of that time. But what is harder to document is the moral destruction they left behind. These so-called “entrepreneurial mafias” presented themselves as white-collar professionals while committing heinous crimes. They managed international networks of drug and arms trafficking, buried toxic industrial waste in our land, and gradually eroded the moral and social fabric of our community. Their influence extended into business, politics, and everyday life.

Fear was constant. My town was buried under a cloak of violence. Over time, people adapted to a new way of life built around personal financial gain. Opportunities outside the law were widespread, and social cohesion was redefined by a criminal code of conduct. Even customs and traditions changed. From what my father and others have told me, it was a time when danger was everywhere, but so too was the lure of fast, illicit success. The population grew rapidly, and with the influx of illegal money and a complete lack of urban planning, the architectural landscape of Casal di Principe changed dramatically. Illegal construction became rampant, and the town’s identity was reshaped under a criminal regime.

Much of this was made possible by the misappropriation of public funds, including those meant for reconstruction after the 1980 Irpinia earthquake. One of the darkest moments in our town’s history was the assassination of Don Peppe Diana, a priest who had the courage to speak out against the Camorra. He was murdered on March 19, 1994. That day marked a turning point. From that moment, many minds began to reawaken. A quiet but powerful movement emerged, driven by churches, unions, cooperatives, and civil society organizations. When the military later became involved, they found a population already beginning to resist organized crime.

Thanks to the cooperation between civil society and the state, Casal di Principe was slowly liberated from the grip of organized crime. It was a gradual process. The wounds ran deep. After years of killings, abuses of power, and injustice, turning the page was anything but easy. There was trauma, disillusionment, and grief. But step by step, people stood up. Today, Casal di Principe is recognized as a resilient and strong community. A place that reclaimed its future. However, two important reflections must be made. First, the damage was real and lasting. Many people paid, and are still paying, a high price. Returning to the rule of law is not something that happens automatically. The culture and even the physical appearance of our town were deeply altered. Second, despite all the suffering, a powerful desire for redemption emerged. That desire has brought about real change. It has helped restore democratic values, social pride, and civic dignity.

So I want to say clearly that returning to the law is possible. It has happened, and it continues to happen. We still face challenges, but the oppression is gone. The suffocating sense that everyone had to obey the boss and follow the tide of wrongdoing no longer defines us. Still, I ask myself: why is it that a town just a few kilometers away, Caivano, continues to face the same problems we experienced thirty years ago? I believe the difference lies in the willpower of a community’s conscience. The ability to rebel against injustice and reclaim dignity. But that will must be supported. Real change happens only when people are offered meaningful alternatives. Change starts from the ground up. It is a slow and often difficult journey. Rebuilding social cohesion, fostering inclusion, and creating alternatives to the criminal economy require time, persistence, and partnership. These goals can be achieved when institutional vision meets genuine social passion. Thank you for your attention.”

Chair: “Thank you, mister Giovanni Ferrelio, for your statement. May I now request, mister Matej Kosir, chair of the Vienna NGO Committee on Drugs, to take the floor.”

VNGOC: “Thank you, Mr. Chair, for the opportunity to speak today. Excellencies, colleagues, distinguished participants, it is an honour to address you on behalf of the Vienna NGO Committee on Drugs, a global network that has, for over four decades, served as a bridge between civil society and the international drug policy system. With 451 member organizations from 113 countries and every region of the world, we represent a diverse and committed community of practitioners, researchers, people with lived and living experience, youth, and grassroots actors who work every day to prevent and reduce drug-related harms, and to promote health, security, and dignity in our communities.

The focus of today’s event, which is investing in prevention and addressing the impact of drugs on people, planet, and security, speaks to a critical and long-standing gap in global drug policy. While the evidence base for prevention is stronger than ever, it remains chronically underfunded and underutilized. At the same time, we know that effective, science-based prevention is one of the most intelligent and cost-effective investments societies can make. It reduces the incidence of drug use and related harms and also strengthens protective factors across our health, education, family, and social systems.

In the spirit of this year’s UNODC campaign, the message is clear: invest in prevention. The 2025 World Drug Report reinforces this call by highlighting how drug use and drug markets affect not only individual health and community well-being, but also our planet and public safety. Civil society actors witness these impacts firsthand, including the trauma of untreated mental health issues, social exclusion, and the environmental degradation caused by illicit drug production and trafficking. These consequences are complex, interconnected, and far-reaching.

That is why prevention must extend beyond awareness campaigns. It must be integrated into systems such as schools, workplaces, health services, and community structures. Prevention must be grounded in proven strategies, including early interventions, family-based approaches, life skills education, and supportive environments that promote mental well-being and resilience. It must also be inclusive. Prevention efforts that overlook the voices of youth, women, indigenous peoples, and people who use drugs fail to create the necessary conditions for lasting impact.

Civil society organizations, especially those working at the grassroots level, play a vital role in shaping prevention efforts that reflect cultural, social, and economic realities. However, they require sustainable support and formal recognition as equal partners in the global response. Prevention also contributes to peace and security. By addressing root causes such as poverty, inequality, and violence, we reduce the influence and reach of criminal networks. In doing so, we help build safer and more resilient societies.

We must also acknowledge the important role of civil society in areas such as harm reduction, treatment, recovery, and ensuring access to controlled medicines. These actors are essential to implementing a balanced, compassionate, and health-centered approach to drug policy.

The Vienna NGO Committee on Drugs is proud to serve as a platform for civil society engagement across all of these areas. In conclusion, let us reaffirm our shared commitment to inclusive, evidence-based collaboration across regions, disciplines, and sectors. We must ensure that civil society remains meaningfully involved in shaping drug policies that protect individuals, strengthen communities, and safeguard our shared future. Thank you very much.”

Chair: “I thank mister Khosil for his statement. And I thank all the panelists for their thoughtful and diverse perspectives and you’ve shown us how challenges and solutions can vary across contexts but also how prevention remains a common thread. That unites our efforts I now move to our list of speakers and we’ll start with a video message from the International Narcotics Control Board President professor Seville Adsoy.”

President of the International Narcotics Control Board: “Distinguished Chair of the Commission on Narcotic Drugs, Executive Director of the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, excellencies, ladies and gentlemen, on this International Day against Drug Abuse and Illicit Trafficking, I would like to reaffirm the commitment of the International Narcotics Control Board to the mandate it has been given by the international drug control conventions. We remain steadfast in supporting Member States in their efforts to prevent drug abuse, ensure access to evidence-based treatment, and prevent and address drug trafficking.

Concern for the health and welfare of humankind is the foundation of the international drug control framework. The Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs of 1961, as amended by the 1972 Protocol, the Convention on Psychotropic Substances of 1971, and the United Nations Convention against Illicit Traffic in Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances of 1988, known collectively as the international drug control conventions, all affirm this principle. To safeguard health and welfare, these conventions mandate States Parties to adopt measures for the prevention of drug use, treatment of drug use disorders, rehabilitation, and social reintegration of people affected by drug-related problems. This is clearly reflected in Article 38 of the 1961 Convention and Article 20 of the 1971 Convention.

Prevention of drug use, together with treatment, rehabilitation, and social reintegration, are key operational objectives highlighted in the recommendations on drug demand reduction outlined in the outcome document of the thirtieth special session of the United Nations General Assembly. That session, entitled “Our joint commitment to effectively addressing and countering the world drug problem,” reaffirmed the importance of comprehensive, balanced, and evidence-based drug policies.

Drug-related challenges continue to affect individuals, families, and communities worldwide. For example, the rapid expansion of the illicit synthetic drug industry represents a major public health threat and is transforming illicit drug markets. These developments require urgent, coordinated, and science-based responses. The international drug control conventions provide a framework for addressing such challenges, while also ensuring access to controlled medicines for medical and scientific purposes.

To respond effectively to the increasing misuse of drugs, particularly synthetic substances, governments must prioritize the provision of evidence-based prevention, treatment, rehabilitation, and reintegration services. These services must respect and uphold human rights, as required by the drug control conventions. At the same time, preventive actions must be strengthened against drug trafficking. INCB’s precursor control program plays a critical role by assessing and recommending international controls on chemicals used in the manufacture of illicit drugs, as well as by monitoring suspicious shipments of controlled precursor substances.

Through the INCB Global Rapid Interdiction of Dangerous Substances program, known as GRIDS, over 100,000 incidents involving new psychoactive substances have been processed via the IONICS system. Operational responses are coordinated through GRIDS regional technical officers who are deployed around the world to support national authorities.

On this International Day against Drug Abuse and Illicit Trafficking, the International Narcotics Control Board calls upon all Member States, with the support of international and regional organizations and civil society, to redouble their efforts in implementing the international drug control conventions. We urge all partners to address drug-related issues through compassionate, science-based, and rights-respecting approaches. Only through shared responsibility and global cooperation can we build a future where the health and welfare of all people are safeguarded. Thank you.”

Chair: “Thank you. Professor. And, I now have let me just confide to you that we have nearly 25 national speakers on our preregistered list in addition to a few other NGOs. So may I kindly request everyone to be within the two minute limit I start with the European Union, his excellency, mister Carl Halligatt, permanent observer.”

EU: “Thank you very much, Mr. Chair. I have the honour to speak on behalf of the European Union and its Member States. Let me begin by expressing our sincere thanks to Angela Me. Not only for her presentation of this year’s World Drug Report, which remains an essential reference, but also for her many years of outstanding work. I believe I speak on behalf of all our Member States in extending our warmest gratitude and appreciation to her.

We also thank the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime for organizing this commemorative event on the occasion of the International Day Against Drug Abuse and Illicit Trafficking. Today, I will deliver a shorter version of our statement. The full text will be made available on the website. Last month, the EU Drugs Agency released its 30th European Drug Report. The report presents a timely and sobering picture of the current situation. It confirms that the availability of illicit substances in Europe remains high. Substances are becoming more diverse, more potent, and more dangerous. In particular, the prevalence of cocaine use is deeply concerning. As major ports increase interdiction efforts, traffickers are shifting their operations to smaller and more vulnerable ports, where risks of corruption, intimidation, and violence are higher.

Equally worrying is the sharp growth in the production and availability of synthetic drugs. These substances are increasingly complex and harder to detect, placing immense pressure on healthcare systems and forensic services. Rising levels of polysubstance use further compound the challenge. These developments call for urgent investments in prevention, harm reduction, and early intervention measures that are rooted in evidence and tailored to meet the changing nature of drug-related threats.

In response, the European Union launched its new internal security initiative, Protect EU, in April. As part of this initiative, we will enhance port controls through a new EU Ports Strategy, revise our legal framework on drug precursors, and develop a new EU Drug Strategy to provide the overarching political framework for our drug policy. We will also present a new EU Action Plan against Drug Trafficking aimed at disrupting routes and business models, and we will continue to support a balanced, evidence-based, and multidisciplinary drug policy that is prepared to address the growing threat of synthetic opioids and other emerging substances.

Our strengthened European Union Drugs Agency in Lisbon, which has been operating under its renewed mandate since July 2024, is now better equipped to meet current and future challenges. With improved alert systems, coordinated laboratory networks, and upgraded threat assessment tools on new psychoactive substances, the agency plays a central role in reinforcing Europe’s readiness and response capacity. I am also pleased to announce that the agency will welcome its new Executive Director, Lorraine Nolan of Ireland, on January 1. We look forward to introducing her to many of you in the near future.

In conclusion, prevention is not only a policy priority but also a moral imperative. We must continue to invest globally in evidence-based prevention and harm reduction efforts. In doing so, we can protect youth and the most vulnerable, strengthen our societies, and build a healthier and safer future for all. Thank you.”

Chile: “Thank you very much, Mr. Chair. Distinguished delegates, It is an honour to take the floor on this important occasion as we commemorate the International Day Against Drug Abuse and Illicit Trafficking and reaffirm our collective commitment to prevention as a central pillar of international drug policy. The theme of this year’s event, and the message it carries. The evidence is clear: invest in prevention, strongly resonates with Chile’s conviction that drug use prevention must be comprehensive, evidence-based, multisectoral, and sustained over time.

From our perspective, prevention is not merely a policy objective. It is a shared responsibility. Addressing drug use effectively requires coordinated action across governments, communities, schools, families, the health sector, and civil society. Only through an integrated approach can we reduce vulnerabilities, close service gaps, ensure smart investment in effective programs, and promote the use of high-quality standards in line with the UNODC-WHO International Standards on Drug Use Prevention.

Chile remains committed to working collaboratively with other countries to ensure the effective implementation of these standards. We believe this work is essential to building healthier, safer, and more resilient communities.

Mr. Chair, investing in prevention also means investing in peace, health, sustainable development, and the well-being of future generations. Chile continues to uphold a person-centered approach to prevention, one that prioritizes children and youth, and fosters safe and supportive environments that help individuals and families thrive. As we look to the future, we are hopeful that today’s event will serve as a meaningful milestone in advancing a more integrated and effective global response to the world drug problem. A response that is guided by evidence, rooted in public health, respectful of human rights, and aligned with our shared development goals.Thank you very much.”

Belgium: “Your excellencies, distinguished delegates. Allow me to begin by thanking you, Mr. Chair, and also the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, for placing the focus of today’s event on prevention. Prevention is a central pillar of the new Belgian government’s drug policy and of our integrated national drug strategy. This strategy includes a specific objective to strengthen, implement, and further develop prevention measures that are evidence-informed, tailored to the nature of drug-related phenomena, adapted to the needs of specific target groups, and responsive to the relevant context.

In this regard, the importance of evidence and analysis-based policymaking cannot be overstated. I would like to take this opportunity to welcome the release of this year’s World Drug Report. While we have not yet had the chance to analyze the report in its entirety, we commend the outstanding work of the UNODC’s Research and Trend Analysis Branch. Producing such a comprehensive and relevant resource is an achievement, especially in times of increasingly constrained resources.

I would also like to underline the value of the World Drug Report as a key resource for evidence-based policy development. Its global perspective helps to foster international cooperation and supports the alignment of national strategies with international best practices. One example of this is the inclusion in Belgium’s updated drug strategy of the environmental impact of drug production and trafficking, a topic that was highlighted in this year’s report and that we believe deserves continued international attention.

To conclude, and in the same spirit of relying on data and analysis to enhance both the quality and impact of our drug policies, I would like to draw attention to Resolution 68/6 on strengthening the international drug control system, which was adopted during the most recent session of the Commission on Narcotic Drugs. It is now time for us to work together on the implementation of its operative paragraphs, including the establishment of the expert panel foreseen in the resolution. We are confident that the recommendations of this panel can make a meaningful contribution to improving the effectiveness of the international drug control system and to advancing the achievement of our shared drug policy commitments. Thank you.”

Ecuador: “Good afternoon, and thank you, Mr. Chair. Let me begin by congratulating you and the Secretariat, led by Angela Me, for organizing this commemorative meeting. This event offers an important opportunity to renew our collective commitment, strengthen cooperation, and promote multilateral action in our shared pursuit of a world free from drug abuse and illicit trafficking.

We are confronted with a multidimensional challenge that affects not only individuals suffering from substance use disorders, but also countries such as Ecuador, which bear the broader impact of drug trafficking and transnational organized crime. Tackling this complex phenomenon requires a comprehensive and multifaceted approach—one that recognizes the close interlinkages between drug trafficking and other illicit activities, including arms smuggling, kidnapping, corruption, human trafficking, illegal mining, and related crimes. These interconnected threats undermine human well-being, environmental sustainability, and global security. Aligned with the theme of today’s event, Ecuador reaffirms its belief that prevention is a powerful and effective strategy. It enables us to address the root causes of the drug problem, rather than merely reacting to its consequences. Prevention is, at its core, a strategic investment. It safeguards human dignity, protects the environment, and strengthens both national and global resilience.

It is equally crucial to implement effective policies aimed at reducing consumption and addressing the alarming rise in overdose deaths. Allow me to highlight that, under the leadership of President Daniel Noboa, the Government of Ecuador has launched strategic programs focused on prevention and treatment. These initiatives include the deployment of specialized professionals trained to respond to problematic substance use, as well as efforts to build awareness and provide care at the community level.

For Ecuador, the fight against the world drug problem is a national priority. In this regard, important measures have been adopted to strengthen our response to criminal organizations and enhance the identification and apprehension of major drug trafficking leaders. We remain firmly committed to confronting the devastating consequences of illicit drug trafficking and transnational organized crime. We do so with the deep conviction that we owe our children and young people a future free from this phenomenon. Thank you.”

Uruguay: “Thank you, Mr. President. Uruguay welcomes the theme of this special event and expresses its satisfaction with the launch of the World Drug Report 2025 during today’s session. We recognize the importance of this event as a space to renew our shared commitment and to reflect on the challenges and responsibilities we all carry in addressing the global drug phenomenon. Uruguay emphasizes the need for long-term solutions grounded in three fundamental pillars. First, the use of scientific evidence as the foundation for all actions. Second, the promotion of prevention as the most effective and sustainable strategy. And third, the urgent need to break the cycles of organized crime that are so deeply connected to illicit drug markets.

In the design, implementation, and evaluation of our national drug policies, Uruguay adopts a holistic, balanced, and interdisciplinary approach. Our policies are rooted in public health and human freedom, placing individuals and communities at the center. They are designed to promote prevention, manage risks, and reduce harm, while respecting human rights and dignity. Uruguay draws on evidence produced by independent national and international research. This allows us to identify emerging trends and develop tailored, effective responses. Our commitment is to humane, responsible, and sustainable policies that provide a comprehensive and updated understanding of the realities we face.

We firmly believe that the cost of prevention is not a burden, but a smart investment with significant social, health, and economic returns. For this reason, we continue to promote public policies centered on education and access to objective, up-to-date, and evidence-based information. These are essential tools to prevent problematic patterns of drug use, reduce risks, and combat the stigmatization of people who use drugs. In this context, it is with great honor that I inform this distinguished forum that Uruguay is today launching a participatory process to develop new strategies addressing the dimensions of organized crime associated with illicit drug markets. This includes the inclusion of a thematic chapter dedicated to understanding the relevance of drug trafficking for criminal groups.

We also welcome the chapters in the World Drug Report that address the environmental impact of illicit drug markets. Issues such as deforestation, chemical pollution, and the depletion of soil and water resources are deeply concerning. In addition, we appreciate the focus on the effects of drug use on individual health and community well-being. Uruguay values the 2025 World Drug Report and its attention to the broader impacts of the global drug phenomenon on people, the planet, and security. In line with Uruguay’s longstanding commitment in this field, we also reiterate our hope that future editions of the report will include a dedicated chapter on the relationship between drugs and human rights.”

Türkiye: “Happy World Drug Day. Or perhaps more accurately, Happy World Drug-Free Day. On behalf of Türkiye, I would like to extend our gratitude to the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, and in particular to Angela Me and her team, for the publication of this year’s World Drug Report. We view the report as an important and timely resource that sheds light on the evolving dynamics of the world drug problem. It serves as an eye-opener and highlights the indispensable role that UNODC plays in this critical area, a role which we must all continue to support.

Looking at the findings and trends presented in the report, we remain extremely concerned about the growing scale of the global drug problem. The number of people using drugs continues to rise, the synthetic drug market is expanding rapidly, and the global cocaine market is once again breaking records. Cannabis use is also increasing worldwide. These developments pose serious risks to individuals, families, and societies. We are particularly pleased to see that the report focuses on the impacts of drugs on young people, and on the overall well-being of families and communities. Türkiye believes that the fight against drugs is not only a matter of public policy but one that is directly tied to health, safety, and the future of our families and societies.

In addition, we have long emphasized the strong nexus between terrorism and organized crime, including drug trafficking. We welcome the fact that the report draws attention to the far-reaching consequences of illicit drug markets in this regard. These linkages must continue to be addressed through comprehensive and coordinated strategies. We also take note of the uncertainty mentioned in the report regarding capital markets, which is a matter of concern for us. In this context, we are encouraged by the determination of the Syrian authorities to combat related threats. Turkish authorities remain ready to support their Syrian counterparts through capacity-building initiatives and the exchange of expertise.

Finally, Mr. Chair, we would like to reaffirm Türkiye’s strong commitment to the three international drug control conventions. We will continue to work closely with our international partners and with organizations such as UNODC, the Commission on Narcotic Drugs, the International Narcotics Control Board, and the European Union Drugs Agency to address current and emerging drug threats. We also take this opportunity to extend our congratulations to Professor Sevda Tüzün Taşoy for her recent election as President of the INCB. Thank you.”

Peru: “Thank you very much, excellencies, distinguished colleagues. Peru welcomes the launch of the World Drug Report 2025 and commends the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, as well as Ms. Angela Me and her team, for their continued dedication in producing a comprehensive, evidence-based, and multidimensional report. We firmly hope that, as UNODC adjusts to the current financial situation, this flagship report will continue to be preserved. Its value as a global public good cannot be overstated.

The 2025 report confirms that drug use, production, and trafficking remain complex and evolving global challenges with serious implications for health, security, sustainable development, and the environment. We take particular note of the reported reduction of more than 2,000 hectares of coca bush cultivation in Peru. We are actively working to maintain and further this downward trend. This progress reflects Peru’s sustained commitment to advancing sustainable alternative development, territorial governance, and community-based solutions rooted in social inclusion and environmental protection. We also welcome the report’s timely focus on the environmental impact of drugs, particularly the consequences associated with the manufacturing of synthetic drugs in Europe. While the data are presented through a regional lens, the findings carry global relevance. In Peru, illicit drug production, especially in ecologically sensitive regions, continues to pose severe risks to biodiversity, water sources, and indigenous territories. These environmental harms cannot be separated from the broader public health and human rights dimensions of the world drug problem.

Moreover, the World Drug Report 2025 reiterates the role of organized criminal groups in drug trafficking and the pressing need for targeted disruption strategies. In this context, Peru underscores the importance of strengthened international cooperation to dismantle transnational criminal networks and to address the illicit financial flows that enable and sustain them. Finally, Peru reaffirms its commitment to a balanced, human-centered, and sustainable approach to addressing the world drug problem. Our efforts are aligned with the international drug control conventions, and we remain firmly guided by respect for human rights, including the rights of indigenous peoples, and by the principle of common and shared responsibility. Thank you very much.”

Malta: “Mr. Chair, Malta aligns itself with the statement delivered by the European Union, but I would like to offer a few additional remarks in our national capacity. At the outset, allow me to express our appreciation to the UNODC Research and Trend Analysis Branch for their continued dedication in producing and publishing the World Drug Report. We also extend a special tribute to Ms. Angela Me for her many years of committed work. As we mark the International Day Against Drug Abuse and Illicit Trafficking, we welcome this year’s focus on investing in prevention. This theme is an essential element of our joint efforts to address the world drug situation and its many complex and evolving challenges.

Malta reaffirms its commitment to promoting and protecting the health and welfare of our societies, as enshrined in the 1961 Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs. We also reiterate our support for a multidisciplinary, scientific, and evidence-based approach that respects human rights and upholds the dignity of all people. As highlighted throughout today’s discussions, the impact of drugs cuts across all socioeconomic boundaries, affecting individuals, families, and entire communities. To truly safeguard public health and societal well-being, we must move beyond punitive responses and instead prioritize effective, evidence-based measures that follow the principle of proportionality in enforcement and corrective action.

This includes investing in all components of the continuum of care, prevention, treatment, harm reduction, and long-term recovery, while addressing drug use in a non-judgmental and non-stigmatizing manner. Malta also takes this opportunity to reaffirm its longstanding position in favor of the universal abolition of the death penalty, including for drug-related offenses. Recognizing the importance of prevention, the Government of Malta has invested in a number of national initiatives and reoriented services to respond to current and emerging trends. On the global level, we are proud to have contributed to the UNODC CHAMPS initiative, which aims to strengthen the resilience of children and youth and ultimately prevent drug use before it begins.

As noted in the 2025 World Drug Report, drug trafficking remains a major driver of transnational organized crime. We must collectively address weaknesses in our systems that allow criminal networks to exploit the most vulnerable in our societies. Disrupting and dismantling these networks requires closer cooperation among governments and within multilateral fora. Malta remains committed to working closely with the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime and all partners in support of these shared objectives. Thank you.”

Colombia: “Thank you very much. Since this will be my last intervention ever in Vienna, and since so much of the analysis in the report and in today’s discussion has centered on cocaine, I ask for your indulgence in allowing me to speak a bit longer than the usual two minutes. I believe honesty demands time. The overwhelming majority of this year’s World Drug Report once again reflects the systemic failure of current drug control strategies. Year after year, we continue to see record highs in all major indicators: rising consumption, expanding markets, and the emergence of new psychoactive substances. With each report, the goals and principles set out more than five decades ago feel increasingly out of reach. How much longer can we expect different results while repeating the same approaches?

Colombia has invested extraordinary effort in coca eradication for decades, including aerial spraying and manual operations. These campaigns, driven by our commitment to controlling illicit crops, have come at immense human and environmental cost. They have claimed thousands of lives, fueled cycles of violence, deepened territorial conflicts, and caused irreparable harm to our ecosystems and to public health. These wounds are not just statistics; they are the daily reality of entire communities. We note, with sadness and frustration, that the lives which seem to matter in the report are primarily those of users, counted in numbers, graphs, and tables. But what of the lives shattered by eradication, by militarization, by the war on drugs in producing countries? The silence is loud. Ignoring the body count in countries like mine is not an oversight, it is a moral and political failure. In Colombia’s view, every life matters, everywhere, all the time. 

We also note a persistent colonial lens. Cocaine is the fourth most used drug globally, yet the report and today’s panel repeatedly centered on it. Presenters ended with cannabis, yet began and lingered on cocaine. The views of organized crime seemed limited beyond Latin America. This imbalance is intellectually dishonest, especially when opioids and amphetamines, more widely used and more deadly, receive far less focus.

We do not contest the data. We acknowledge record levels of coca cultivation in Colombia. But this is not because we are failing, it is because we are seeking new paths. Colombia has embraced alternative development for years. We continue to work with coca-growing families to substitute legal crops like cacao, coffee, rice, and fruit. But let us be honest, development is not just crop replacement. It requires access to sustainable markets and long-term investment. As one example: it took us two full years to get one product of crop substitution, our locally made chocolate, into the UN commissary. And that was with a sympathetic audience. Imagine the barriers for the rest of our producers.

We are also deeply committed to interdiction. We are targeting the highest levels of the criminal chain. This year alone, Colombia seized 213 metric tons of cocaine, including record highs in February, the largest amount seized in over two decades. Yet, paradoxically, producing countries like ours are named and shamed, while these efforts receive little recognition. This omission reinforces a stigmatizing narrative and places disproportionate responsibility on the same countries, over and over again.

Organized crime is rarely confined to a single activity. It is a web, drug trafficking, human smuggling, corruption, environmental destruction. If we do not follow the money, we will not reach the real beneficiaries. We must stop fighting these crimes in silos. Criminal networks do not respect borders or bureaucracy. Neither should our responses.

The report presents interpretations of the data that divert attention away from the deep institutional and legal shortcomings in our collective ability to stop illicit financial flows. Colombia believes we must look upstream, to the engines driving the global drug economy. And we have an idea: let us reimagine the coca plant itself. For over a century, Coca-Cola has legally used decocainized coca leaf extract in its signature product, under strict regulatory oversight. This proves that regulated use of coca is not only possible, it is already happening within global supply chains.

Colombia seeks to build on this precedent. We want to explore industrial, nutritional, and medicinal applications of the coca leaf. We want to shift its destiny away from the hands of organized crime and into the realm of innovation, science, and ancestral knowledge. But we need help. Scientific collaboration. Market access. Regulatory support. We are not denying the scale of the challenge, we are embracing it, with transparency and resolve.

Still, we must confront a structural truth. While illicit cultivation is most visible in producing countries, the forces driving demand lie elsewhere. And yet, it is our people who bear the brunt. The concept of shared responsibility must move beyond words into real, material cooperation, on precursor control, market development, and demand reduction.

Before I conclude, allow me to say this is my final intervention before this Commission as Colombia’s ambassador. I leave with a heavy heart. I had hoped, perhaps naively, to see harm reduction formally reflected in the World Drug Report before my departure. It did not happen. But I leave believing that diplomacy, despite its frustrations, is a tool of persuasion. And persuasion begins with listening, especially to those with whom we disagree. I hope I have served with honesty, fairness, and respect. I believe we all want the same thing: to save lives, to reduce harm, and to build a future where this conversation looks very different. I hope you will do better. I hope we all will. Thank you.”

Chair: “Thank you, Ambassador. I believe I speak for all of us in expressing appreciation for your forthright and energetic interventions in representing your national position. We wish you every success as you move on to new and greater responsibilities. It would be a pleasure to welcome you back to Vienna in the future, and we look forward to continuing the thoughtful and spirited exchanges we’ve shared.”

United States: “Thank you, Mr. Chair. First, let me say how much we are going to miss the distinguished ambassador from Colombia. As we listened to her impassioned speech, we were reminded not only of her leadership and conviction but also of the friendship and dialogue she has consistently brought to this forum. Speaking both as a colleague and as a friend, we truly appreciate her presence and contributions.

Let me also thank Angela Me and her talented team. We deeply appreciate the work you put into preparing for today’s launch of the World Drug Report, and we welcome the opportunity to comment on the report itself. We particularly appreciate the report’s chapter on the nexus between drugs and organized crime, which remains a critical issue. Furthermore, we strongly support efforts to ensure that the report reflects the most accurate and comprehensive data possible.

In that regard, I would like to focus my remarks on several concrete suggestions that might support the important work of the UNODC research team. First, we urge all member states to fulfill their treaty obligations by submitting the requested information to the Commission in a timely and complete manner. These inputs are essential to enable UNODC to prepare a report that accurately reflects the international drug situation.

The United States remains concerned about low reporting rates from many countries, which can result in an incomplete and at times skewed global picture. This is particularly relevant when classifying countries as low, medium, or high destination or transit points. We also note with concern that some of the data used to generate drug flow maps were not sufficiently reviewed or validated before inclusion in the report. We encourage UNODC to enhance its fact-checking processes and to ensure that data submitted by member states are accompanied by sufficient context to prevent misinterpretation.

Allow me to offer a concrete example of how the current approach may lead to inaccurate conclusions. If a cargo ship carrying narcotics arrives at a port in the United States from another country, and the narcotics go undetected, and that same ship later arrives at a port in a third country where the drugs are discovered, and that third country subsequently reports the cargo, the World Drug Report may indicate that those drugs originated in the United States. This is an incorrect conclusion, and it should be addressed.We also believe that the World Drug Report should rely primarily on data submitted through the Annual Report Questionnaire or by member states directly. Reliance on nongovernmental sources without verification introduces uncertainty and limits the ability to make use of the report’s findings.

Finally, we wish to emphasize the importance of transparency. To promote confidence in the report’s conclusions, the United States encourages UNODC to make the underlying raw data available to member states. Only with full visibility of this data can we collectively ensure the integrity of the report and the accuracy of its analysis.”

Afghanistan: “Good afternoon, Mr. Maloda, Mr. Chair, Excellencies, ladies and gentlemen. It is my great pleasure to attend this special CND event to launch the World Drug Report 2025, during this commemoration of the United Nations International Day against Drug Abuse and Illicit Trafficking. The World Drug Report is today the most important and fundamental publication addressing the global drug problem. I would like to express my sincere gratitude to UNODC, particularly to Ms. Angela Me and her team, for their tireless and continuous efforts in preparing this report, including the valuable cooperation and compilation of its three thematic chapters.

Mr. Chair, I would like to highlight the following points from the World Drug Report that are of direct relevance to the international community, particularly regarding the situation in Afghanistan. The Taliban’s so-called opium cultivation ban announced in April 2022 has been widely misinterpreted as a sign of progress. In reality, it has only led to a sharp increase in opium prices, making it even more profitable for farmers to grow. As mentioned in the report, an estimated 3,200 tons of opium are currently stockpiled by large traffickers in Afghanistan, more than enough to sustain the global heroin supply until at least the end of 2026. This means that despite the formal ban, the flow of heroin continues, and the profits remain in the hands of criminal networks and ultimately benefit the Taliban’s regime.

Even more concerning is the growing shift toward synthetic drugs such as fentanyl. The collapse of Afghanistan’s opium supply may further accelerate this shift, with devastating consequences already visible in many parts of the world. Meanwhile, inside Afghanistan, the drug situation is worsening due to economic hardship and social collapse. With the dismantling of public health and pharmaceutical services, the number of people suffering from drug use and addiction is rising rapidly. Women are suffering the most, being denied all their basic rights, including access to treatment and care.

We also wish to express our concern regarding how data on Afghanistan is collected and reported. This underlines the critical importance of ensuring timely, transparent, and independent assessment and monitoring of the drug situation in Afghanistan. In conclusion, we must be clear: the Taliban’s rule has not brought stability or progress. It has instead deepened suffering, empowered traffickers, and exposed both the Afghan people and the international community to new forms of harm and threats. We welcome the launch of the World Drug Report 2025 as an important opportunity to address these emerging challenges and foster strong international cooperation in response to the global drug problem. Thank you.”

Austria: “Thank you, Chair. Let me begin by thanking UNODC not only for convening this important session and producing the World Drug Report, but also for their invaluable work more broadly in combating drug abuse and trafficking. The report we are discussing today serves as a global scientific reference on emerging trends and key developments. It remains an indispensable tool for policymakers, researchers, and practitioners, offering critical insights into the complex landscape of drug use, production, and trafficking worldwide.

Let me now highlight several outstanding findings. First, global drug demand continues to grow, with the number of users reaching new highs. Intensified efforts are urgently needed to provide accessible, targeted, health-oriented, and age- and gender-appropriate interventions. Second, the production, manufacture, and trafficking of drugs are increasing. The illicit manufacture of synthetic drugs is on the rise, markets are expanding globally, and laboratories are becoming more sophisticated, blurring the distinction between countries of origin and destination. Third, the associated crime is growing. The deepening link between drug trafficking and organized crime creates additional sources of revenue for criminal networks while destabilizing states and communities. In this regard, Austria underscores the vital role of the Commission on Narcotic Drugs as the central body of the United Nations for drug policy and reaffirms its continued commitment to a well-balanced, victim-focused, and human-rights-based approach to drug control. Health remains a fundamental principle of Austrian drug policy, encompassing harm reduction, treatment, care, rehabilitation, and social reintegration in an environment free from stigma and discrimination.

Let me be clear on the concept of harm reduction. Austria refers to measures implemented within the framework of the three international drug control conventions. We strongly advocate for enhanced efforts in both supply and demand reduction, and support, in line with the report’s findings, effective prevention strategies across all levels of society, starting at an early age. Austria remains a committed supporter of UNODC’s valuable work in building a world safer from drugs, crime, corruption, and terrorism. We thank everyone here today for their continued commitment to a healthier and more secure future. Finally, we express our deep gratitude to Executive Director Ghada Waly for her outstanding leadership over the past years. While we regret her resignation, we are confident that she has left a lasting legacy at UNODC and in Vienna. Austria aligns itself with the statement delivered by the European Union.”

Mexico: “Thank you. The Colombian initiative to review the functioning of the international drug control system has been met with resistance by some who claim the current system is functioning adequately. Yet, the evidence tells a different story. The number of people using drugs continues to increase, as does the number of people suffering from drug use disorders. More than ten million people who inject drugs are living with transmissible diseases, yet only a small fraction receive treatment, and the situation is even more dire for women, who face greater barriers to access. Still, there are those who argue the system requires neither review nor improvement. Cocaine production continues to rise. And before we celebrate that opium production remains stable, we must not overlook that methamphetamine production is increasing across all three of the world’s main opium-producing countries. Meanwhile, synthetic drug production is exploding in nearly every corner of the globe. Synthetic drugs have become the deadliest substances, and amphetamine-type stimulants are the most widely used. Yet some insist on focusing only on cannabis.

Out of six million people currently in the criminal justice system for drug-related offenses, four million are there solely for drug use, not because they were trafficking, promoting drug abuse, or laundering money, but because they needed medical care. We are not prosecuting major criminal networks, but vulnerable individuals in need of help. The number of deaths related to drugs remains unacceptably high. We can pretend that recent declines in fentanyl-related deaths are solely due to seizures, or we can honestly recognize the effectiveness of harm reduction strategies. Meanwhile, fentanyl is beginning to be replaced by other dangerous substances. This year’s World Drug Report alerts us to the spread of nitazenes, a warning sign that must not be ignored. Once again, however, this year’s report focuses exclusively on deaths caused by drug use, and fails to reflect on the deaths caused by the war on drugs. This is a critical omission. In countries like Mexico, where deaths resulting from the war on drugs far outnumber those caused by overdoses, we witness firsthand how easily criminal networks adapt their production and trafficking methods to changes in demand and enforcement, all while maintaining access to high-powered weapons. The human cost is immense, particularly in terms of violence and instability.

We are here today to say that the time has come to review and improve the international drug control system, to adapt it to current challenges and realities. And finally, Angela, it has been a pleasure. Thank you very much, as well as to Laura and the other colleagues who will soon be leaving us. Thank you.”

Japan: “Thank you, Chair. Japan joins others in expressing admiration for the work of UNODC and for the publication of the World Drug Report. As many colleagues have already emphasized, the world drug problem has profound effects on the economy, public health, and social stability, threatening the sustainability of our societies. The drug economy serves as a breeding ground for poverty and criminal activity.

As underscored by the theme of today’s session, investing in prevention is not just necessary, it is imperative. The report reminds us that drug policy can be a cost-effective investment. According to its findings, the social costs of drug-related issues,including healthcare expenditure, productivity losses, and burdens on families and social welfare systems—already amount to approximately 0.3% to 0.8% of GDP in certain countries, including Cyprus and Sweden. A significant proportion of these costs is preventable, indicating considerable room for reduction.

It is therefore crucial to facilitate the sharing and application of effective prevention practices among countries. The report also highlights an alarming increase in cannabis use among adolescents. This reinforces the need to strengthen drug abuse prevention and awareness campaigns targeting younger demographics. Furthermore, the report identifies drug trafficking as the primary source of revenue for criminal organizations. Effectively addressing the drug market is a powerful tool for cutting off their financial resources, and in turn, preventing associated crimes such as money laundering, human trafficking, and terrorism.

Japan believes that UNODC’s comprehensive expertise in this field should be further leveraged across sectors. In light of the current financial constraints facing the United Nations system, it is imperative to prioritize resource allocation toward areas with the highest cost-effectiveness. Drug control represents a prime example. To facilitate donor engagement, it is essential to collect and analyze region-specific data, and to communicate these findings clearly and widely to both governments and the general public. Thank you very much.”

Canada: “Thank you, Mr. Chair. Canada welcomes this year’s World Drug Report and its focus on both prevention and the fight against organized crime. We commend the dedicated work of the UNODC Research and Trend Analysis Branch in producing this comprehensive and timely analysis. Allow me to join others in thanking Angela May and her team for their efforts. In Canada, the illegal toxic drug supply and the resulting overdose crisis remain our most pressing public health emergency. While the overall number of overdose deaths continues to be deeply concerning, we are encouraged by the report’s finding of a 12% decline in drug-related fatalities between January 2023 and January 2024.

However, we note with concern the growing prevalence of highly potent nitazenes, which are now outpacing fentanyl and its analogues, with a broader reach across multiple continents. As organized drug crime remains at the root of this crisis, Canada continues to address it through stronger enforcement efforts. In recent months, we have: Committed $1.3 billion to strengthening our border security, Appointed a Federal Commissioner on Fentanyl, and Tabled the Strong Borders Act in Parliament to equip law enforcement with the tools needed to combat the illegal drug trade. Canada’s commitment also extends internationally, with continued support for capacity-building initiatives in partnership with UNODC and other stakeholders.

In all these efforts, we underscore that drug policy must fully uphold the health and human rights of people who use drugs, as well as their families and affected communities. We appreciate this year’s report’s emphasis on harm reduction and evidence-based interventions, such as opioid agonist therapy, naloxone distribution, and needle and syringe programs, that are proven to save lives. We are concerned, however, by the report’s findings that individuals arrested for drug use and possession are often among society’s most vulnerable. Even more troubling, the application of severe sentencing, including the death penalty, for drug-related offenses remains a reality in some jurisdictions. Canada unequivocally opposes the death penalty in all cases, everywhere.In the face of these evolving challenges, we commend UNODC for its continued leadership and reaffirm Canada’s commitment to a balanced, evidence-based, and human rights–focused approach to drug policy. We look forward to strengthening our collaboration with partners around the world. Thank you.”

Russian Federation: “Thank you, Mr. Chairman, Madam Executive Director, Excellencies, Ladies and Gentlemen. We appreciate the opportunity to share our views on the occasion of the International Day Against Drug Abuse and Illicit Trafficking and the launch of the World Drug Report. The report demonstrates continuing and alarming trends related to the global illicit drug situation. To name only a few: the number of drug users continues to rise dramatically, global cocaine production has reached record levels, and we are witnessing an unprecedented surge in drug-related crime and violence.

In our view, it is no coincidence that the situation has deteriorated most in regions where the focus has shifted away from robust and necessary law enforcement efforts addressing the root causes of drug production. Instead, there has been an increasing emphasis on mitigating the consequences of drug use and minimizing harm, often under the pretext of defending human rights, through selective protection, double standards, or misinterpretations. This approach overlooks the most fundamental human right: the right to life. Such misguided goal setting leads the international community further away from effective solutions and creates a favorable environment for drug-related crime.

The Russian Federation, together with UNODC, will continue to provide training for counter-narcotic officers in countries committed to strengthening law enforcement and complying with the three international drug control conventions. Countries such as Egypt, Iran, Pakistan, and several Central Asian states have already benefited from such cooperation. Russia will also continue funding training events under the auspices of the International Narcotics Control Board, extending support to African, Latin American, and Asian countries.

Among the major reasons for the worsening international drug problem is the non-compliance of certain countries with their legal obligations, particularly those who claim to uphold a “rules-based international order” while violating the three drug control conventions. Chief among these violations is the legalization of cannabis for non-medical use, and attempts to expand such policies to other types of drugs. This selective approach to legal commitments undermines the foundations of the UN legal drug control regime.

The report contains an alarming analysis of the negative public health impacts of cannabis abuse, particularly in countries that have legalized its non-medical use. However, it fails to directly address the fact that these legalizations represent a clear breach of the international conventions. During the passage of cannabis legislation, the governments of these countries often cited public health concerns to justify actions that violated international law. Yet the report clearly shows accelerating harmful patterns of cannabis abuse in these countries, including rising cases of psychiatric disorders, intoxication, and suicide attempts among users.

While the report notes a decrease in the number of people arrested and imprisoned for cannabis offenses in these countries, it overlooks the significant increase in cannabis trafficking by criminal organizations, particularly from Canada to Europe since 2018, a trend confirmed by law enforcement and customs authorities in both regions. We call on the authors of future reports to thoroughly examine drug-related risks originating in countries that have legalized cannabis and are experimenting with other drugs. We urge UNODC to proceed from the understanding, repeatedly emphasized by the International Narcotics Control Board, that the legalization of cannabis for non-medical purposes is a fundamental breach of legal obligations under the UN drug control conventions.

We were also perplexed by a section of the report that presents the Russian Federation as a primary departure country for methadone trafficking to Eastern Europe. This depiction is inaccurate. Opioid substitution therapy, including methadone, is prohibited in Russia and considered best practice only in Europe. Russian law enforcement authorities strictly control illegal methadone-related activity and continue to report increasing cases of methadone trafficking into Russia from neighboring countries. We therefore invite UNODC to examine more closely the diversion of methadone in those countries that operate such programs.

We welcome the report’s emphasis on prevention and targeted engagement with youth. The Russian Federation remains committed to strengthening these efforts, both domestically and through continued support of UNODC’s youth initiatives in Central Asia. Russia stands ready to enhance its contribution in various forms, supporting multidimensional and balanced UN efforts to solve the global drug problem. Thank you for your attention.”

Ghana: “Thank you, Chair. Excellencies, Distinguished Delegates, Ghana commends the Commission on Narcotic Drugs and the UNODC for convening this important special event, and we also extend our appreciation to Angela for her tireless work. The chosen theme resonates deeply with Ghana’s current national strategies. As we mark the International Day Against Drug Abuse and Illicit Trafficking, Ghana reaffirms its commitment to evidence-based, people-centered approaches that place prevention and rehabilitation at the core of national and regional drug policies.

Ghana continues to implement progressive reforms under the Narcotics Control Commission Act, 2020, which decriminalizes personal drug use and emphasizes public health responses over punitive measures. Our national drug strategy includes community sensitization, school-based education, and enhanced support for rehabilitation centers. These initiatives are showing results in reducing stigma and promoting recovery, especially among youth, who remain the most vulnerable to drug-related harms.

Ghana also recognizes the environmental impact linked to illicit drug cultivation and trafficking. Our forests and protected lands have been affected by illegal activities tied to drug production. In line with the Green Ghana Initiative, we are restoring degraded lands and integrating drug control measures into our environmental protection strategy. Investing in prevention means safeguarding our ecosystem from the long-term damage caused by criminal operations.

The link between organized crime and drug trafficking remains a persistent threat to our national and regional stability. Ghana is strengthening institutional capacity through interagency collaboration, enhanced border surveillance, and intelligence sharing with neighboring countries under the ECOWAS Drug Action Plan. Our law enforcement agencies are increasingly using technology and training to disrupt criminal networks operating in the subregion.

The evidence is clear. Investing in prevention offers a holistic and sustainable path forward. Ghana stands ready to deepen collaboration with international partners to address the root causes of drug abuse and trafficking. Together, we can build safer, healthier, and more resilient societies for generations to come.”

Australia: “Thank you, Chair. Australia welcomes the official launch of the 2025 World Drug Report and acknowledges the work of UNODC, Angela Me, and her team in preparing this publication, as well as the valuable contributions from member states and other stakeholders. Australia stresses the importance of the World Drug Report as a critical resource to assess progress, learn from shared experiences, and inform practical interventions to address emerging challenges and reduce drug-related harms.

Today’s special event also marks the United Nations International Day Against Drug Abuse and Illicit Trafficking. The accompanying theme, “the evidence is clear: invest in prevention,” resonates with Australia’s ongoing commitment to reduce the demand for illicit drugs. Investing in effective prevention strategies lessens the burden on drug treatment services and reduces the broader healthcare, social, and economic costs of drug use.

Recognizing this, Australia funds national and targeted prevention programs across a range of settings, including secondary schools, sports clubs, online platforms, and local communities. As drug use exists along a continuum and various substances carry different types of harms, it is essential that prevention efforts are complemented by harm reduction strategies. These approaches aim to further reduce the risks associated with drug use for individuals, families, and society at large. Thank you again, and congratulations on the successful launch of the report.”

Sri Lanka: “Excellencies, ladies and gentlemen, On behalf of the Government of Sri Lanka and the National Dangerous Drugs Control Board, I wish to commend the UNODC for the launch of the 2025 World Drug Report and for emphasizing the vital theme: The evidence is clear – invest in prevention. Sri Lanka firmly believes that prevention is not just a policy option, it is a powerful and unifying strategy. It reduces harm across health, education, justice, and social sectors, while also fostering resilience, inclusion, and community well-being. In this regard, prevention must be recognized as a long-term investment in the safety and future of our societies.

This year, the Government of Sri Lanka has prioritized drug prevention and treatment, particularly focusing on schoolchildren, youth, and communities. Under the leadership of the National Dangerous Drugs Control Board, we have expanded evidence-based prevention programs in schools, engaged youth through life skills education, and mobilized communities to create drug-free environments.

At the same time, we are working to strengthen our treatment services, ensuring they are accessible, data-driven, and grounded in dignity and care. We express our deep appreciation to UNODC and our international partners for their continued support. This collaboration is invaluable in aligning our national efforts with global standards. Finally, Sri Lanka reaffirms its strong commitment to addressing emerging drug-related challenges and trafficking trends while actively contributing to the global policy agenda.Thank you.”

Thailand: “Thank you, Chair. Thailand sincerely appreciates today’s event to commemorate the United Nations International Day Against Drug Abuse and Illicit Trafficking. It provides all Member States with a valuable opportunity to reflect on the critical role of prevention in reducing harm across sectors, and to explore the health and social impacts of drug use.

The World Drug Report 2025 remains an essential tool for policymakers, practitioners, and experts worldwide. We applaud the ongoing efforts of UNODC and its partners in producing this vital report and advancing a cross-cutting understanding of the global drug problem.

In this regard, we would like to highlight the report’s focus on drug use disorders and the health impacts of synthetic drugs. As noted, the global synthetic drug market continues to expand, and methamphetamine use has maintained an upward trend, especially in Southeast Asia. Thailand continues to face serious challenges due to high volumes of methamphetamine production in the Golden Triangle. Yaba, the local name for methamphetamine mixed with caffeine, remains the most widely used drug in our country. Long-term use is associated with severe cognitive and psychological harm.

Building on the 66/68 CND resolution promoting scientific research on stimulant use disorder treatment, Thailand will host the 2025 International Conference on Drug Policy, Yaba, Methamphetamine, and Synthetic Drugs this August in Bangkok. This conference will bring together experts, academics, policymakers, health professionals, and civil society to develop evidence-based policy recommendations on prevention, treatment, and care, particularly for methamphetamine and synthetic stimulant use.

Finally, Thailand reiterates its strong support for the work of the UNODC and extends our appreciation to Member States who have supported these efforts. Together, we can build stronger, science-based responses to protect public health and uphold human dignity. Thank you.”

Kazakhstan: “Thank you, Chair. Kazakhstan expresses its sincere appreciation to the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime for the preparation of the World Drug Report 2025. The comprehensive analysis and data presented are invaluable in deepening our understanding of the evolving global drug situation. Shared knowledge enables us to identify common challenges and strengthen coordinated international efforts in the fight against the world drug problem.

We note with particular concern the report’s findings on the increasing spread of new psychoactive substances, which pose a serious and growing threat in our region. In Kazakhstan, the production and consumption of these substances have surged at an alarming pace. In the past year alone, over 8,000 drug-related crimes were recorded, more than 22 tons of illicit drugs were seized, and over 100 clandestine drug laboratories were dismantled. These figures underscore the transnational nature of the drug trade and the sophisticated networks that sustain it.

In response, Kazakhstan has taken decisive actions to counter the threat posed by NPS. We have intensified efforts to disrupt the financial infrastructure of drug networks by blocking and confiscating drug-related assets held in bank accounts and cryptocurrency wallets. Targeting these illicit financial flows is a key component of our strategy to weaken the economic foundations of organized crime. Kazakhstan continues to advocate for and support the Central Asian Regional Information and Coordination Center (CARICC), headquartered in Almaty. The center plays a vital role in coordinating efforts to combat drug trafficking, particularly along the northern route. However, we remain concerned about its persistent funding constraints and call for greater international support to ensure its sustainability.

In alignment with the Pledge for Action initiative, Kazakhstan committed to establishing specialized health and rehabilitation facilities nationwide within one year. We are proud to report that this commitment has been fulfilled. Medical and social rehabilitation centers are now operational in all 19 regions of Kazakhstan, providing essential support to individuals suffering from drug addiction. As a responsible and proactive member of the international community and an elected member of the Commission on Narcotic Drugs for the 2026–2029 term, Kazakhstan remains fully committed to supporting the work of the CND and contributing to collective global efforts in drug control. Thank you.”

France: “Thank you, Mr. Chair. France fully endorses the statement delivered by the Ambassador of the European Union and wishes to add several remarks from the French perspective. This day serves as a reminder that the challenges we face in addressing the world drug problem are both serious and complex. As we’ve heard repeatedly, no single approach is sufficient. France has consistently advocated for a comprehensive strategy, one that balances prevention, treatment, harm reduction, and law enforcement. Preventing drug use among young people remains a national priority.

France is also committed to ensuring equitable access to healthcare for people who use drugs, including through the expansion of harm reduction programs. More recently, we have worked with UNODC on developing trial treatment and research protocols for psychostimulant use disorders. We have renewed our financial contribution to the UNODC Scale-up Initiative, and we encourage other Member States to join us in this effort. A second essential objective is a firm and effective response to drug trafficking. We remain concerned by the asymmetry of power between organized criminal groups, armed with vast financial resources and corruptive influence, and the often limited capacities of law enforcement agencies. In April, France adopted a new anti-narcotics law that introduces measures to better target the leadership of organized crime networks, including a new administrative regime for freezing criminal assets.

Across all these areas, an evidence-based approach is essential. That is why we believe research and analysis must remain a central mandate of the UNODC. In the context of broader UN reform and rationalization discussions, France looks forward to contributing to efforts that enhance the collection, analysis, and sharing of drug-related data and intelligence. We thank the UNODC team, and in particular Angela Me, for the publication of this year’s World Drug Report and for the constructive dialogue maintained with the French delegation and EU Member States.

This is the fourth consecutive year the World Drug Report presents findings on the environmental impacts of drug production and trafficking, whether in the Amazon Basin, the Golden Triangle, or within Europe. This research has helped bring environmental harm to the center of the international debate. France believes we must now take concrete action: to mitigate environmental damage, to improve the skills of frontline workers handling drug disposal, to integrate environmental messages into prevention campaigns, and to ensure that criminal actors are held accountable for environmental destruction. I am pleased to follow up on Commission on Narcotic Drugs resolution 68/7, which France co-sponsored with Morocco and Brazil. We have just committed new financial support to UNODC’s technical assistance programs focused on reducing the environmental impact of drugs, including initiatives in Peru and Ecuador. As a re-elected member of the Commission, France remains strongly committed to fulfilling our shared obligations and strengthening collective efforts. Thank you.”

United Kingdom: “The United Kingdom welcomes this year’s UNODC World Drug Report as a valuable resource to help better understand emerging drug trends and inform the international responses needed. With a 28 percent increase in the number of people who use drugs globally over the past decade, this issue continues to fuel crime that crosses borders. More than 100 drug laboratories have been dismantled, but collective efforts are needed to further disrupt the supply of illicit substances and hold accountable those who profit from the resulting harm.

Preventative approaches are essential if we are to address the root causes of drug misuse before damage occurs. The UK prioritizes reducing drug-related harm through an integrated framework of prevention, treatment, and recovery, with a focus on early intervention and stigma-free support. As the World Drug Report highlights, nitazenes have been involved in a significant number of drug-related deaths in the UK. In response, we are continuing to strengthen legislation and enforcement to address synthetic opioid threats, while also prioritizing public safety through education, awareness campaigns, and early response mechanisms. By investing in prevention, we aim to build safer and healthier communities and empower individuals and families to live free from drug-related harms. However, we recognize that more needs to be done. This is a global issue that demands coordinated global action. We deeply value our partnerships in this space and will continue working with international stakeholders and global networks to confront drug misuse and its associated harms together.”

Trinidad and Tobago: “Distinguished Chair, Excellencies, Ladies and Gentlemen, Good morning from my side of the world. On behalf of the Republic of Trinidad and Tobago, we join the global community in recognizing this important occasion. We thank UNODC, Angela Me, and her team for their continued conscientious work in preparing the World Drug Report 2025. We also welcome the opportunity to address this year’s theme: The evidence is clear – invest in prevention.

Trinidad and Tobago stands firmly on the conviction that prevention is not only cost-effective, it is lifesaving. Grounded in evidence and guided by the realities of our communities, we have taken decisive steps to integrate drug demand reduction into our national development planning. Through our National Drug Council, we continue to expand treatment options, support youth resilience initiatives in schools and vulnerable communities, and build data-driven prevention programs. But we also recognize that organized crime does not respect borders, and neither can our solutions. As a Caribbean nation and a transshipment port, Trinidad and Tobago is not merely a stakeholder. We are on the front line. We underscore the urgent need for deeper intelligence sharing, maritime surveillance, precursor chemical control, and alternative development support. Through regional coordination frameworks like CARICOM and in partnership with our international allies, we continue to foster a united Caribbean approach, one rooted in prevention, justice reform, and cross-border cooperation. As an elected member of the Commission on Narcotic Drugs from 2026, Trinidad and Tobago remains committed to the global response. We will continue to champion prevention and strengthen international cooperation. Prevention must not be symbolic, and partnerships must be proactive, not reactive. We thank you.”

Egypt: “Mr. Chair, Excellencies, Distinguished Delegates, I would like to thank UNODC and all those involved in the preparation of the World Drug Report 2025, which we consider an essential reference in understanding evolving drug trends and guiding evidence-based responses. Egypt values its cooperation with UNODC, including in the implementation of the Joint Action for a Multisectoral Future (JAMF) initiative, and we look forward to its universal application. We also appreciate our partnership in strengthening the provision of appropriate treatment and healthcare services for people with drug use disorders. At the same time, we emphasize that enhancing law enforcement remains a critical pillar in addressing the new and evolving threats posed by organized criminal groups. International cooperation is vital in this regard, and Egypt has fulfilled its Pledge for Action through the establishment of the Egyptian International Training Center for Combating Illicit Drug Trafficking. We look forward to working closely with UNODC and all partner countries to activate the full potential of this center.

Egypt also notes with concern the persistent gap between high-income and low- and middle-income countries in access to controlled medicines and substances for medical and research purposes. We stress the urgent need for tangible progress in bridging this divide to ensure equity in healthcare. Furthermore, Egypt is deeply concerned about the expanding trend of cannabis legalization for nonmedical use, which we view as a violation of international drug control conventions. The World Drug Report confirms that cannabis remains the most used drug globally, particularly among adolescents, and highlights the serious health and psychological consequences of its use. Before concluding, Egypt underscores the need for a comprehensive, balanced, and scientific approach to addressing the world drug problem, an approach rooted in international cooperation, but also sensitive to national contexts. There is no one-size-fits-all solution; responses must be tailored to the specific needs and situations of each country and region. Thank you.”

Global Initiative against Transnational Organized Crime: Thank you, Mr. Chair. On behalf of the Global Initiative Against Transnational Organized Crime, I would like to thank the Chair, the VNGOC, and the Secretariat for the opportunity to speak at the launch of the World Drug Report 2025. We also extend our congratulations to UNODC and Angela Me, in particular, for leading the development of this report, which has clearly sparked an important discussion today.

This report is published at a time of dramatic geopolitical shifts. Organized crime continues to exploit instability and crises, and we must remain prepared to respond. As the global drug control system enters its eleventh decade, it stands at a true crossroads, perhaps more so than at any point in its history. The decision to create an independent expert panel, taken at the most recent session of the Commission on Narcotic Drugs, presents a crucial opportunity. It allows us to review and analyze the implementation of the drug conventions and explore ways to modernize them. We look forward to broad civil society engagement in this process, and to ensuring that evidence forms the foundation of its recommendations.

I would like to highlight a few ways our organization, as a civil society actor, contributes through data and analysis. We have observed a notable evolution in drug trafficking models. Our Organized Crime Index reveals a significant shift toward synthetic substances. Traditional drug traffickers now operate in an increasingly crowded and decentralized market. The high barriers to entry that once defined heroin and cocaine markets have diminished. Synthetics require no central geographic origin, have access to a wide range of potential precursor suppliers, and are traded across a rapidly evolving online marketplace. In many ways, synthetic drugs are reshaping the global illicit drug economy and altering how established trafficking networks operate. In response, our organization promotes evidence-based and human rights–centered approaches to drug policy. For example, as the secretariat of the East and Southern Africa Commission on Drugs, we have worked to develop a regional evidence base and to mobilize key political and civil society actors in support of humane, data-driven drug policies.

We urge member states to support these types of initiatives as part of a broader commitment to more effective, compassionate, and evidence-based responses to the global drug problem. Thank you.”

Vienna NGO Committee on Drugs (Hostess Empowerment and Support Program, Kenya Delivered by Ms. Daisy Atiano Kwala):  “Thank you, Chair. My name is Daisy Kwala, and I speak today as a proud daughter of the informal settlements in Nairobi, Kenya. I represent the Bar Hostess Empowerment and Support Program, which operates in urban and semi-arid regions such as Nairobi and Marsabit County.

Women like me, living in informal settlements, face overlapping vulnerabilities: exposure to infectious diseases, drug use, mental health challenges, and intimate partner violence. These are compounded by stigma and discrimination, often pushing us further from essential health services. What’s missing in many responses is recognition of the full picture, the reality of our lives. The success of our program lies in how it is rooted in our lived experiences. We use differentiated and person-centered care models, co-designed with a peer education approach. These allow us to reach women with services tailored to their needs: hepatitis C testing, HIV testing, mental health screening and support, and harm reduction services.

The results speak for themselves. We’ve seen increased access to HIV prevention and antiretroviral treatment, improved retention in care, reduced hepatitis C and HIV acquisition, and fewer overdoses. These outcomes are powered by compassion, and by evidence at every implementation site.

When we are asked what kind of services we want, the answer is clear: We want person-centered, stigma-free health services. We want autonomy in making decisions about our health. And we want to be included, meaningfully, in shaping the policies and systems that affect us. Today, I call on the Commission to prioritize and fund: Peer-led models at the community level, which have proven effective in expanding access to HIV prevention and care, Meaningful measurement of healthcare quality, by directly engaging those receiving care, The decriminalization of sex work, drug use, and drug possession, so women can access services without fear and fully exercise control over their health.

When we design services around women’s real lives, we don’t just extend life, we uphold human rights. My lived experience is proof that when people are put at the center, health gaps close, policies shift, and women like me thrive. We deserve nothing less than health, dignity, and the freedom to determine our lives. Thank you.”

Dalgarno Institute: “My name is Professor John Toumbourou, and I serve as Chair in Health Psychology at Deakin University in Australia. I am honored to have been invited by the Delgado Institute to speak on this critical issue. My core message is simple: the harms caused by alcohol, drugs, and tobacco are devastating, yet they are preventable. I speak not only as a researcher but from personal experience. I recently lost a very close friend to suicide. Weeks later, I learned that he had been struggling with alcohol dependence. None of us, not his family, nor his social network, had any idea. His suffering had been invisible. His death was preventable. And sadly, stories like his are far too common. In our society, we face powerful markets for substances like alcohol, tobacco, and increasingly, cannabis. These industries actively shape behaviors, normalize risky use, and contribute to lifelong health burdens. But we are not powerless. We have solutions, evidence-based, scalable, and effective. In Australia, for instance, we’ve made substantial progress in reducing early-age substance use through public health campaigns and prevention strategies. These successes should not be isolated. They should become the norm. That is why I call for greater investment in life-course prevention: prevention that starts early in life, that is community-led and evidence-informed, and that addresses the social and mental health drivers of substance use. If we commit to this approach, we can save lives, strengthen communities, and build a future where substance-related harm is no longer inevitable. Thank you.”

Chair CND: “Well, that concludes our panel for this afternoon. Distinguished colleagues, I think a lot of interventions recognize the excellent work that Ms. May and her team had done but some of them made some pointed criticisms, of course, most welcome, in terms of the spirit of dialogue that we have in this in this forum. But I should, the spirit of fairness, also offer the floor to miss May to kind of really respond to some of those comments. So you have the floor.”

Chief, Research and Trend Analysis Branch CND: “So one, I think what the ambassador of Colombia raised is important, and I want to acknowledge that, especially given your intellectual honesty. I just want to point out that the cocaine story is only one out of the 35 stories we included in the key messages. Other stories are also reflected throughout the key findings, but cocaine is just one part. Second, regarding seizures, in the section on online trafficking, there is a graph that clearly shows Colombia has had the highest seizures of cocaine in the world. So that is highlighted. On the matter of deaths, it’s true that it would be great to have more data annually, but where we do have it, we show it. For example, we highlighted data on drug-related deaths in Colombia two years ago in the World Drug Report that focused on the Amazon. Regarding the concern raised by the U.S. about the region and the example brought up, I want to clarify that we cannot identify the country of origin or departure in some cases. That’s why we classify movements as either origin or transit, exactly to acknowledge the complexity of those flows. I also want to remind everyone that it is our strict policy that all maps and data visualizations go through a prepublication process. This means every country has the opportunity to review the maps before they are officially published. When we rely on nonofficial sources, and we intend to include those in the report, we always send them for review to the respective countries. So thank you for those useful clarifications. I believe we all agree that the issue we face is a multifaceted challenge, and it requires a multipronged and coordinated response. Interventions must span the entire chain, from production to processing to trafficking and through to demand reduction. Several speakers today have highlighted the importance of focusing on prevention, and I believe we have had a very constructive and healthy exchange of views. Let me now bring this meeting to a close by saying that we should continue to build on the foundation of research, cooperation, shared responsibility. Let us also build our work across commissions, sectors, and borders to advance a drug policy that is comprehensive and sustainable.”

Chair: “I thank each one of you, for your commitment and your engagement and look forward to a continued dialogue. Good evening.”