Item 3. General debate (continued)

Ecuador: The world drug problem has reached an unprecedented level and is a threat to peace and security. Due to our geographical position, Ecuador is fighting on the front lines. We have organised crime and narco-terrorism. Criminals are making corruption prosper. The efforts that Ecuador is making includes seizing 20,000 tonnes of drugs worth US$14 billion. Crime is falling but the steadfast action of our state has lead to costs for the country. A new comprehensive security plan has been implemented to combat drugs, terrorism among others. We are implemented prevention programs with a gender approach. According to UNODC, coca crops in South America reached historically high levels. We are not a producer country, we have to protect ports and borders. Without effective control of what enters and leaves our country, our efforts remain deficient. We cannot allow blind spots. I highlight the commitment plan between Ecuador and UNODC and bilateral plans. We are concerned that some borders are no longer managed, control or have sovereignty. We are dealing with cross-border violence that requires a strong presence of the state at each side of the border. Ecuador is encouraging the plan to engage in capacity building and other efforts. We need decisive international cooperation. Fear cannot determine the future of our countries. The international community has to take on specific commitments. We need financing, technology and steadfast decisions to safeguard our security and the future of generations.

Thailand: Thailand reaffirms commitment to the 3 drug control conventions, 2016 UNGASS Outcome Document, and the 2019 ministerial declaration. Thailand believes we must address demand and supply. We advocate for a balanced, integrated and evidence-based approach. Thailand is determined to address the situation in the Golden Triangle. The surge in synthetic drug production in the Mekong region is not just a regional problem but a global one. The drugs produced are spread all over the world. Thailand is working to interrupt the flow of precursor chemicals and spread of drugs. Through the Mekong MOU and ASEAN action plan, Thailand is working to dismantle criminal networks. On demand reduction, Thailand highlights prevention and services including the campaign hotline. We adopt a health-based drug policy to treat users as patients. We are working to close the gap in treatment for stimulant use by strengthening the treatment network with the UNODC and EUDA, and to meet international standards and needs of the local context. We work on community-based treatment and improving care for people with psychiatric symptoms. I invite people to visit our exhibition on drug treatment and rehabilitation pioneered by Queen Sirikit. It shows how efforts can promote peace and on a sustainable basis. Thailand, Germany and Peru has proposed a resolution on alternative development. We urge member states to support this resolution to address the root causes of cultivation. We stand committed to efforts including research and treatment to safeguard the well being of our people.

Saudi Arabia: We truly believe we should work together to deal with the challenges and dangers that humanity is facing. The networks of manufacturing and production of drugs continue with their activities, threatening the stability of countries. The demand is greater than ever, especially amongst young people. The lack of treatment exacerbates this. There are dangers and threats to the security and health sectors in our countries. This means we need a balanced approach between supply and demand, with treatment and education. We reaffirm our commitment to the international drug control conventions, and to implement international parameters for prevention and treatment. These are a framework for international and national efforts. Drugs is a social and health problem and we provide everything possible to counter this. Specialised bodies are spearheading those activities to counter the illicit use of chemical precursors. Bearing in mind we have to cover health needs. Saudi Arabia’s plans for 2030 means we are working to strengthen our society against drugs. We hope all our national institutions will fulfil our responsibilities so we can have a comprehensive approach to the world drug problem, including health, security and other stakeholders, public and private sectors. We are playing our role with international cooperation, and coordination, with visits to other countries to facilitate cooperation to implement decisions to deal with all precursors. We stress the need to reduce demand, with a series of prevention measures so our young people will be more resistant to drugs, so we can have more specialised treatment in hospitals. I wish you every success so we can achieve our goals of safe societies free from the dangers of drugs.

Spain: Spain supports the statements supported by the EU. Spain reaffirms its support to CND as the competent body for the supervision of the international drug control conventions. We also value the job of UNODC and the WHO, whose work is critical to secure a joint and effective response. International cooperation should be based on shared responsibility to develop coordinated and shared action with lasting results. Through the foundation of the internationalization of public policies, Spain is leading projects financed by the EU, such as COPOLAC CADAC and PACTO. Spain promotes coordinated action among all public administrations and other stakeholders. Our goal is to guarantee a balanced, comprehensive, and efficient approach with steadfast commitment to human rights and special attention to vulnerable groups, that means supporting young people to promote and strengthen  prevention based on scientific evidence. Spain is preparing a side event entitled institutional responses to the involvement of young people in drug trafficking. Spain prepares strategies and action plans to have a safer and healthier population. We don’t just have to have operational excellence in drug trafficking. We need a solid strategic framework in line with international standards. In 2025 we published our national strategy for organized crime and serious crime. The main threats are drug trafficking, that is the main eliciting acidity in our county, eliciting asset investigation to dismantle the financial structure that uphold these criminal organizations. Our national strategy on addiction focuses on public health to provide comprehensive responses without stigmatization including assistance and, as well as risk and harm reduction. We believe it is important to have people as the main focus, therefore we pay special attention to the most vulnerable, mental health and gender equality.. Spain is promoting early warning systems that includes scientific research that focuses on real needs to guide public policies and get ahead of new challenges, such as research on new psychoactive substances and stimulants or consumption patterns like chemsex. Definitely, Spain’s measures are aligned with 2030. Before finishing, I would like to refer to the commitment pledge for action made by the Health Minister of Spain in the 67th session of CND.  Spain committed itself to focus on international standards and focusing on some countries of the Latin American region. We have provided support to UNODC and affirm our commitment to them. We hope to continue strengthening international cooperation. 

Switzerland: In the wake of the UN80 which reaffirms our desire to reform multilateralism, we must transform our ambitions into concrete actions in the context of limited resources and restructuration. Switzerland reiterates the importance of cross-cutting cooperation between Geneva dn Vienbna in collecting data in the fields of human rights and public health to have a consistent drug policy. We support the work of the UNODC, the High Commissioner of HR and the WHO. This cooperation is one of the points that should be considered by the panel to be set up by resolution 68-6 one year after its adoption by the CND. This resolution must be implemented and the panel should start its work. Switzerland firmly opposes any maneuver aimed at delaying the establishment of this panel and reducing its independence. We should have a general evaluation of the global drug control regime if we seek to propose real solutions to our decades-long problems. This includes a constant increase in the supply, demand, and consumption of drugs, and the rise in violence and overdoses. Bearing this in mind, we have the obligation to take charge of the situation.  It is time to question our practices and seek new avenues to respond to this problem. This effort to find solutions must be done in partnerships of civil society, in particular with persons who consume drugs.This must also uphold Human Rights so as to not create further mystery. Switzerland underscores the strength of international cooperation to dismantle criminal networks and to secure supply chains against illicit trafficking. This should be done in cooperation with existing instruments such as INTERPOL and the UNODC mechanisms without exception and upholding International Law. Switzerland would also like to reiterate its firm and unconditional opposition to the application of the death penalty and extrajudicial executions, in particular those related to drug policy, while recognizing the sovereignty of the each state when it comes to their criminal law, we encourage a constructive dialogue in the way in which international standards protecting life can be strengthened to consolidate the legitimacy of national institutions.

Argentina: The reality that we are facing in my region has changed radically is not just drug cartels, we see the convergence of organized crime, including drug trafficking and terrorism. This criminal phenomenon that explains the violence in our streets has evolved significantly and it means that it’s hard to build hospitals, create jobs, and educate our children. The interamerican bank considers this as more than 3% of GDP. The President has said that we have to protect the victims, not the criminals. Cartels are terrorist organizations as is their financing. Argentina is strengthening demand reduction with policies focused on people and in territories most affected by the violence of drug trafficking We have a federal network of prevention treatment. We know that social exclusion, and consumption are exploited by criminal gangs to use young people, so we’re working on social inclusion and others. We feel we have to do this. We cannot negotiate with criminals who are a threat to our citizens. We believe that there’s no freedom without the Rule of Law, and there is no rule of law with organized criminals. Regarding Agenda 2030, we have circulated a document and Argentina believes that that agenda is composed of non-legally binding aspirations and every country is free to interpret it as it wishes. Regarding references to the gender perspective, Argentina’s commitment to women’s rights has been sustained over time and goes beyond international standards. Finally, Argentina understands that gender as agreed in Art 7 of the status of Rome refers to the two sexes: male and female and no other exception. 

Czechia: Czechia aligns itself with the statement of the European Union. Drug policy responses must align with evidence. In recent years, evidence has emerged to support the shifts away from punitive responses. We have adopted a unique regulatory framework for substances, allowing us to better protect public health while responding to emerging threats. Last year, we passed amendments to the Criminal Code, introducing proportionate sanctions for minor possession while strengthening penalties for people engaged in criminal networks. The introduction of psilocybin treatment illustrates how these interventions can accompany existing mental health interventions. Czechia condemns the Russian invasion of Ukraine, creating great demands on health and social care. Several UN bodies and member states have called for meaningful reforms of the international drug control system. We therefore welcome the panel established by the resolution. Punitive drug control models continue to generate significant human rights risks and barriers to health services. We underscore the need for efforts that support the dignity of people and save lives. Online market places have transformed drug trafficking. Organised crime and the destabilising effects of drug markets. All law enforcement measures need to be grounded in human rights standards. We urge the international community to consider the evidence, and embrace innovative approaches and policies that support human rights and dignity.

Pakistan: Pakistan reaffirms the CND as the principal body. As chronicled by the World Drug Report, an estimated 13 million people have used drugs. This is fueled by growing supply and demand, global instability, and efforts by criminal networks. The rapid expansion of a deadly synthetic drug market is concerning, putting at risk the gains made against the world drug problem. It has threatened stability and the future of our youth. Given its geographic location, Pakistan has long faced the threats of opium cultivation in Afghanistan. Despite the ban, trade continues. Legitimate concerns with the resumption of opium cultivation and production of synthetic drugs. Growing narcoterrorism from Afghanistan, relying on proceeds from the trade in drugs. A balanced approach including treatment and prevention is needed. Controlled substances for medical purposes are also needed. Efforts include seizures of drugs and precursor chemicals, conducting intelligence-based operations together with international partners, achieving a 70% rate of conviction, and more than 8000 awareness campaigns. Pakistan values long-standing partnership with UNODC. We share concerns with the liquidity crisis affecting the UNODC. This should be addressed without affecting the quality of the services provided. We support your efforts to ensure a safe, healthy and drug-free world.

Japan: The tide of drug-related organised crime lies before us. Swift and without regards for borders. What begins in one region spreads across oceans and continents. Nations cannot address this tide alone. The challenge is shared, and so should be the response. Japan remains straightforward in defending a rules-based international order, based in international law. We are committed to securing international commerce. But the same routes have been twisted for illicit trafficking. As a maritime nation we cannot look away. Yet enforcement alone cannot suffice. Japan therefore has supported alternative development to help the community turn from illicit cultivation to sustainable livelihoods. We have supported those struggling with drug dependence. Unless we confront supply and demand combining both of them, substances will endure. Meanwhile, the nature of the challenge is changing. Synthetic drugs, precursors, and NPS spread with alarming speed. Vigilance must be matched to innovation. In this common endeavour the work of UNODC and of this Commission grows ever more central. In Japan we have introduced comprehensive scheduling measures to combat NPS. At our side event on Friday we will share this experience in greater depths. As criminal organisations refine their craft, so must we refine ours to expose concealed networks. New tools are essential. Japan support UNODC’s work. At our side event on Wednesday the importance of psychological profiling of drugs and precursors in combating transnational organised crime we will highlight how this messes up enforcement. The challenge before us is great. But so is our collective result. Let us answer ingenuity with ingenuity. Divisions with unity. Thank you very much.

Norway: This year marks 10 years since UNGASS 2016, an important political milestone that underscored the need for a comprehensive, balanced, and multidisciplinary approach. Principles remain valid. The world drug situation remains complex. Use is rising in many regions and markets are more dynamic and more harmful than before. New psychoactive substances and stimulants pose health and security challenges. Those affected are socially and economically marginalized groups including women and girls. We must resist polarisations and dichotomies. Effective drug policy always requires a balanced and comprehensive approach, reducing both demand and supply, whilst addressing trafficking and use. This is achieved through a clear public health perspective. This is achieved through the overarching objective of the three international conventions. Let it also be underscored that a public health approach is not synonymous with harm reduction alone. It includes a broad spectrum of interventions including prevention, treatment, rehabilitation, recovery, social services. Active involvement and cooperation with civil society and people with lived and living experiences. This is especially true for synthetic drugs, where no country can manage the challenge alone. At the same time, all drug policy measures must comply with international law. We are particularly worried by use of the death penalty. This is not consistent with the right to life and has no demonstrated effect. We hope for broad and constructive support for our resolution. We also invite you to our side event. Chair, Norway stands ready to work with all member states to reduce harm and save lives.

Türkiye: Mr Chair, let me congratulate you for securing the chairmanship. On this occasion I would like to congratulate the new UNODC Executive Director. Turkiye will continue to support UNODC and we look forward to cooperation. We are committed to the three international drug conventions and to the UNODC as the leading entity for drug-related matters, and also the work of the INCB. In this regard Turkiye is pleased to have presented the candidacy of the current president of the board, with the hope that she will be reelected. We firmly believe that the world drug problem can be addressed through extensive cooperation. We actively participate in numerous multilateral processes. We have been actively engaging in regional and international cooperation efforts by Interpol, and EUROPOL, with the EUDA, and the black sea cooperation group. We have concluded bilateral agreements with more than 110 countries. We have provided a training hub in the region and beyond. We have trained over 13,000 law enforcement officers through more than 700 international programmes. We also contribute to scientific and technical knowledge in the field of drug control. Most recently we completed an analysis of the ephedra plant, and we will do a side event about that. We continue to seize a significant portion of illicit drug trafficking going through our border. A total value of 1.1million of US assets were seized by court orders in 2024. We are concerned about the global threat posed by synthetic drugs, whose trafficking and consumption is on the rise. We are concerned about trafficking of captagon and are pleased to hear of the Syrian authorities’ determination to fight it. The nexus between drug trafficking and terrorist groups is an important phenomenon. The revenue of drug trafficking is a source of terrorism. The fight with drug trafficking should be focused on the links with terrorism. The situation of the PKK is one of those. Let me reaffirm our commitment to fight the world drug problem.

Turkmenistan: We believe the work of the commission will lead to the elimination of drugs, and serve as a useful platform for exchanging approaches. Turkmenistan carries out an active policy against drug trafficking. I note the joint efforts of our law enforcement agencies, other government agencies and organisations, and at our border areas which has brought about reduced flow of drugs. We also have measures to complement law enforcement with preventive actions. Drug production in our country does not exist. The legal cultivation of plants for producing drugs is monitored, and during the annual operation to check on illegal cultivation of opium and cannabis, none were detected. The trafficking of ATS and NPS is not an acute problem. We observe that NPS are trafficked, and work to prevent their shipment. The ministry of internal affairs is monitoring the supply of illegal precursors to detect illicit diversion and smuggling channels. By the end of 2025, no such activity was detected. We promote international cooperation against drugs, including UN, EU and other programmes. Turkmenistan is a regional hub for meetings on drug control. In 2025 we hosted a number of other events. Drug control is a long term strategic objective. We will do all we can so that all the measures considered in this session can be rolled out. I wish you all the best in your endeavours. 

Angola: At present, there is not a single state immune to the problems and damage caused by drugs. The health of individuals and communities is noted. The risk to the sustainable development of nations must also be noted. Angola remains loyal to these principles and intend to place more emphasis on primary health care and prevention at all levels. Awareness campaigns are regularly carried out in schools and other sites, with the goal to prevent stigmatisation. These can help to contribute to more humane interventions. Recently adopted legal instruments regulating access to alcoholic drinks, including on consumption of alcoholic drinks. Technical teams are working on drugs regulating synthetic drugs and tobacco. It enhances the authority of competent authorities particularly law enforcement and customs, enabling better control of illicit substances and preventing illicit activities. Stepping up efforts to dismantle clandestine activities, and controlling the entry and exit of products from abroad, thus contributing to the well-being of our communities. Committed to pursuing these efforts to reduce drug trafficking and consumption. Critical that we preserve the spirit of consensus which has historically characterised the work of this Commission.

Algeria: As we celebrated International Women’s Day yesterday, we take pride in the appointment of Monica to the Executive Director role at the UNODC. Algeria affirms its alignment to the G77 statement, and wish to add: the international drug control conventions as the cornerstone of the international system. Algeria underscores the importance of international cooperation as the fundamental pillar for addressing the challenges of the global drug problem including the links between drug trafficking, transnational organised crime and terrorism particularly in Africa, in a balanced and definite manner, recognising that the drug problem is equally acute in all regions of the world. Algeria continues to address attempts to flood its Western borders with high grade cannabis, where seizures in 2025 exceeded 38 tonnes. Our side event on Tuesday at 1pm in room M2 will see our delegation presenting the security and health risks arising from hybrid cannabis. We are moving forward with a comprehensive and balanced approach with treatment, rehabilitation and social reintegration as outlined in our national drug strategy, including early prevention amongst children in the CHAMPS initiative. We have also started a treatment programme for mothers.

Portugal: Portugal fully aligns itself with the statement of the EU. In recent years, war and conflict have caused human, cultural, material, destruction. Reversing this requires renewed commitment to the UN Charter, strengthening dialogue and international cooperation, laying the foundation for peace, sustainable development, and a more effective response to drug-related challenges. This year marks the 10th anniversary of the 2016 UN’s General Assembly special session on the world’s drug problem. A milestone that reaffirmed global commitment to drug policies grounded in public health, Human Rights and shared responsibility, aligned with the SDGs and strengthened the UN system-wide cooperation. Portugal firmly believes that protecting health through prevention, early detection, harm and risk reduction, treatment, and early detection, treatment and social reintegration must go hand in hand with addressing illicit production and trafficking, always in full compliance with international law, the three control conventions and human rights obligations. We also underline the essential role of civil society, academia, the scientific community, and the affected communities in advancing drug policy commitments. Allow me to reaffirm Portugal’s unequivocal and understandable position against the death penalty under all circumstances. We remain deeply concerned for its application worldwide, including drug-related offences. We urge all states that threaten capital punishment to establish a moratorium on all executions with a view on its definitive and universal abolition. In 2024, at the CND High Level Segment, Portugal pledged to expand access to treatment. We are pleased to inform you of measurable progress. In 2025, outpatient waiting lists reduced 55% with waiting times reducing from 45 to 30 days. In in-patient care, the number of people awaiting admission decreased by 35% and waiting times decreased from 93 to 59 days. This reaffirms our conviction that sustained investment in accessible, evidence-based treatment delivers tangible results. Portugal reaffirms its commitment to a balanced, evidence-based and human approach to drug policy.  This is why we support the establishment of the multidisciplinary panel of the 19 independent experts, for which we proudly nominated an independent expert, Dr. Joao
Golao, a highly respected specialist with more than 30 years of experience in this field. His longstanding commitment to public health and strategies reflects the principles underpinning resolution 68/6 and the CND’s mandate. To conclude, I invite you all to the side event “Wave of Risks: Vulnerabilities and Strategies in the fight against maritime drug trafficking” It takes place tomorrow at 4:30 pm room M3. Thank you. 

Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of): Please receive the greetings of Venezuela, we would like to congratulate the Chair on their election. Venezuela ratifies its sustained commitment in addressing and combatting global problems. We continue to strengthen our prevention and control capacities, increasing international cooperation and acting with determination with these criminal organizations that use our territory to traffic drugs. All this effort is made despite the persistence of unilateral coercive measures that affect the capacity of states by limiting and hindering access to technology, specialized equipment, technical and financial assistance, and essential medicines, while imposing conditions that undermine the work this issue demands. I can affirm today with pride that Venezuela seized 66 tons of drugs in 2025. That is an increase of 64.44% compared to 2024 and it’s the highest amount in at least 20 years. Furthermore, 85% of these seizures happened while entering the country. Our humanist approach establishes the basis to continue reducing demand as more than 2.5 million people have received treatment. However, this progress also reveals the challenges emerging from the problem and the fact that demand continues to drive illicit trafficking. Therefore, we would urge you to ensure that any activities are in strict conformity with the three conventions, the cornerstone for the formulation,  implementation of drug policies, consistent with national priorities and needs, respect for sovereignty, self-determination of peoples, and under the principle of common shared, but differentiated responsibility. Chair, Venezuela reiterates the importance of international cooperation because since 2021, thanks to constructive dialogue encouraged by my country we have reestablished mechanisms for the exchange of technical information with at least 11 countries, contributing to the seizure of 20 tons of drugs in strict adherence to Public International Law. At the same time, we welcome the initiation of joint efforts with the United Nations Office of Drugs and Crime. The Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela will not rest as we seek to keep peace and security for our peoples. 

United Arab Emirates: Mr. Chair, I’d like to congratulate you for your election as chair for this session. The UAE is pleased to participate in the session of the CND. We affirm our unwavering commitment to supporting the UN system in addressing the global drug problem based on the principles of shared responsibility, respect for the Rule of Law, the protection of public health, and the protection of society from the effects of drugs. The UAE has increased its anti narcotic levels. We established a specific anti narcotic agency to unify policies and integrate efforts to ensure consistency among all relevant authorities. The mission is to erradicate the scourge of drugs from society. This outcome comes with other efforts to accelerate decision-making and response to improve the efficiency of data and  to establish a unified system for monitoring, evaluation, and impact assessment, and also to enhance the quality of strategy planning and strengthen the effectiveness of international partnerships, ensure coordination, efficiency, and speedy response. Mr. Chair, the UAE observes with growing concern the increasing exploitation of the digital space for illicit drug-trafficking. We shared methods that use social media platforms and other modern payment methods to target the most vulnerable groups. Particularly adolescents. The UAE would like to emphasize the importance of national and international capabilities in developing legislation and executive frameworks, and in deepening cooperation and intelligence sharing and identifying sources of threats. The UAE underscores the importance of undermining combat illicit markets and having a greater focus on the financial pathways of organised crime, including having investigations into money laundering stemming from their trafficking, intensifying the confiscation of the proceeds, and cooperating with financial intelligence units and other competent authorities. This would ultimately dry up the sources of funding that allow these networks to expand their activities. The UAE would like to express its deep concern regarding the rapid increase in the production of synthetic drugs, particularly given the easy manufacturing of the materials used for these purposes. Here, we would like to reiterate the importance of international cooperation in the control of chemical precursors and increasing the capacities of forensic laboratories, developing early warning and rapid response for emerging drugs. This will help disrupt the supply chains of drug trafficking networks and would facilitate the investigations. In conclusion, the UAE believes that an effective global response cannot be achieved without international cooperation based on international agreements and the decisions taken by this committee. This cooperation must reinforce coordination mechanisms between countries including partnerships in the field of prevention, awareness, law enforcement, treatment and rehabilitation, as well as demand reduction and alternative development. In conclusion, the UAE reiterates its full support for international efforts. It is ready to contribute constructively to collective initiatives in order to address the global drug problem and to achieve society security, protect public health and promote sustainable development. 

Canada: Like many of you Canada continues to face a rapidly evolving drugs crisis driven by organised crime with a supply driven by potent synthetic drugs. We see deaths falling by 22%. Yet organised crime continues to adapt. Novel precursors, new complexity and lethality. Canada remains steadfast in its commitment to a balanced, comprehensive, and coordinated approach to eradicate supply and demand. We want to marshall all players to strengthen prevention, expand pathways to treatment and recovery, and enhance the capacity of law enforcement, and hold those who choose to profit to account. As Fentanyl Czar I’m working with our domestic and international partners to catalyse our responses. That is why Canada has invested millions of dollars to expand our capacity at the border. We are also deepening our understanding of drivers behind drugs. That is why Canada is implementing class B scheduling to prevent the trafficking of opioids. We are ensuring that enforcement agencies have the tools to stop drugs and precursors, including post and digital markets, as well as the money laundering activities that sustain them. We are trying to ensure that our reforms are aligned with human rights and international standards. We value our partnerships with Vienna agencies, health and service providers, as well as civil society, Indigenous people, and people with lived and living experiences. This is the way we will advance the UN Sustainable Development Goals. We see the CND as the way to advance evidence-based drug policy internationally. 

Ghana: I thank you Mister Chair. We want to congratulate the new UNODC Executive Director and express congratulations to the retiring interim executive director. We welcome this session as an opportunity to renew our commitment to a balanced, comprehensive, and integrated approach to drugs, based on human rights and international cooperation. We have taken significant actions, like the adoption of the 2020 narcotics control law. In 2021 Ghana further introduced guidelines on the supply of controlled substances to ensure availability of medical services, whilst preventing diversion. We have faced challenges related to the diversion of non-synthetic opioids, including tramadol and codeine-based cough syrups. International cooperation included with counterparts in India have strengthened controls and prevented diversion. At the same time we recognise substance use disorders and we support prevention, treatment, and recovery services guided by principles of inclusion and human dignity. Our rehabilitation services integrate strong community participation. Mr Chairman, in November 2025 Ghana together with the Kingdom of the Netherlands and GITOC convened a strategic dialogue in Accra to enhance regional responses to cocaine and synthetic drug trafficking. We invite you to a side event that is about to start, and reception. We will continue pursuing resilient and drug-free communities.

United Kingdom: Illicit drug use causes significant harm to individuals, damages communities, and drives harm. We must prevent harm and stop the flow of drugs, whilst bringing perpetrators to account. We are committed to CND, drug conventions, and drug policies that respect human rights and international cooperation. We are investing in treatment and recovery services. We want to ensure that every area in our country receives the support it needs. Across the UK naloxone is now more available to prevent overdose deaths. Programmes are designed to prevent drug-related harms; this includes the use of Family, Drug, and Alcohol Courts in northern Island, and services across the region. One person said that getting a job through one of our programmes gave structure to their life ,and this supported recovery. Our law enforcement agencies continue to disrupt supply chains. We work tirelessly alongside international partners to dismantle criminal groups. At the border we are intercepting more drugs than ever. The UK border force seized almost 150 tons of illegal drugs. To deliver our commitment to halve knife crime we are also targeting exploitative county lines. This is reducing stabbings and hospitalizations connected to the drugs trade. We are committed to combatting harmful substances. We are updating control on synthetic substances including etomidate and cannabinoids. We are also considering the latest data on the harms and dangers of ketamine. We will continue to target drug traffickers. I wish you all an engaging and productive session

Brazil: 10 years ago the UNGASS on the world drug problem affirmed that drug policy must be grounded in human rights, public health and development. This session has the opportunity to reaffirm these principles. Drug policies require reliance on evidence, to address risks facing young people. Brazil is committed to supporting people marginalized on the basis of race and gender. Addressing these structural realities remains central to our response. Our conference room paper stems from the policies we have implemented since 2023. Prevention must move from fragmented, individual measures to structured responses that address the structural factors. They take a human rights approach. Brazil is deeply concerned that under the guise of combating drug trafficking, unilateral measures have been taken including the use of force and  measures against sovereignty. They pose threats to the rules-based order and the civilian population. Brazil believes it is possible to implement drug policies that are effective and humane. We call this commission to bear in mind the human rights frameworks adopted in Geneva including Resolution 60/26.

Colombia (President Gustav Petro): Chair of CND, Executive Director of UNODC, President of INCB, members of the diplomatic service, delegates and media. We have just discussed about the consumption of different substances by people. There used to be some sort of balance in anthropological history so there was no over-dramatisation but with the onset of the 20th century we have seen the joint effort of nations to use some mistaken some correct policies to tackle this consumption. I always give the example of cannabis. Cannabis was banned based on young people’s fight or protest against the war in Vietnam. My country banned it then we became an exporter then it was banned. However when you go to New York, the big cities of the US, it is legal. So the question is not what the streets of New York smells like, it should be about the impact of people in Colombia. Scientifically if all substances have a negative impact on the human body and there is no normalisation curve in the cycle of human life, banning drugs leads to mafia and leads to death and violence. Why was cannabis banned, why was it no longer banned. Why did so many people die in Colombia because of that ban? That leads us to two issues: cocaine and fentanyl. If we want to make a non-chemical connection between cannabis, cocaine and fentanyl. If you want to make a sociological analysis, the historical moment when they were developed, perhaps we can find some interesting facts. Cannabis was used more as a protest substance, as a way of contesting, particularly by young people in a youth culture in Northern countries. I saw the films and the pictures as a child but we saw that in the history of Colombia and the world. From there we went on to cocaine. What society consumes cocaine, what is its structure? Why do some individuals feel the need to take cocaine, and not cannabis anymore? Cocaine is the drug of capital not protest. It is necessary to work longer hours. It is linked to the mood of the man or the woman, who want to work more to earn more. It is a symbol of neoliberalism. What we see is a lack of affection and an addiction to work and money. That is why it is known as the wall street drug. In the US cocaine is starting to stagnate because it is being replaced by other drugs that i hadn’t known before, that is, fentanyl. Where do i put fentanyl in terms of cannabis and cocaine in today’s society? Fentanyl is the drug of death, it is not protest or capital, or wanting to work or earn more. It embodies the society that doesn’t want to have children, of absolute solitude. Fentanyl is the drug of the climate crisis. The policy surrounding every banned substance. What other impact or consequences of a ban. How do we measure it. What is the backdrop – it is the evolution of contemporary human society. Its way of consuming. Going from fentanyl it is a disaster, not because it makes cocaine look like the good guy or because it makes cannabis look cool. We are just missing a lot as humanity, we don’t have the science to understand why a substance is developed. How can it reach suicide levels. Fentanyl is suicide for those who consicously consume it, knowing what it involves – they want to die, they want to suicide. Which is different from cocaine which comes from a desire to earn more, work more. I want to say it as President of Colombia. I know I shouldn’t be here. I was on the FARC list. We are seizing more cocaine than ever before. I didn’t shout about coca leaf crops. It is grown by very poor peasant farmers. I could go into the details of why Colombia grows coca leaves because this is not something widely consumed except by indigenous communities, because it is one of the most unequal societies in the world due to land ownership structures. Coco leaf is grown in a minority of the country. The coca leaf can grow where the forests are and secondly because it is grown by peasant farmers who have been displaced from fertile lands by conflict and violence. Colombia is the biggest producer in the world because land ownership has not been democratised to allow farmers to grow food. Violence has killed many, first for political reasons and secondly by drug traffickers. There are many questions for the world by Colombia. We are not the consumers but the producers. Farmers who have been excluded from wealth for generations. Because of that they know how to make war in the mountain chains. What is the most serious, most earnest policy there? Do we chase them out? Say that they don’t exist? Because they have been excluded from any dignified form of life? Do we establish mechanisms for them to legally produce? Ground coffee not green coffee beans. What we call crop substitution. We could write books about why societies in the north consume cocaine, why cities in Europe is seeing increased consumption, why is it reaching Australia, even China. Why in Colombia, what should we be doing? Our government is making a revolution in dealing with coca leaf crops. If we are voluntarily substituting crops, if the volume is 42 hectares out of 62,000 hectares, if voluntary substitution of farmers excluded for generations, standing side by side with me, the reports that you read about forced eradication, fumigation from the air of glyphosate, which didn’t kill the whole plant, when you were told there was forced eradication. We have 400 young people who lost limbs supposedly eradication coca bushes. They were paid to pull them out, to prevent further bushes from sprouting. The support of the coca farmers, they want to swap their crops to one that can enable their kids to go to university – that is what will enable the substitution of crops. Why cannot that be done with the help of the world? We have seized over 3000 tonnes of cocaine which no other country has done. Despite our errors and problems, corruption, Colombia had the most sophisticated intelligence to ally with 77 nations to seize so much. Why do you have meetings that exclude Colombia when our experience has been so effective. We didn’t go to Miami. I am not criticising political alliances but with countries with little experience in dealing with cocaine, it will not be effective. We have units in Asia, greater capacity to act as a shield against cocaine. It is not a question about innovating what we know. We are eradicating 42 hectares while seizing 3000 tonnes of cocaine, you have to put more love into consumer societies. I don’t think it can be fully eradicated but the risks can be minimised. The children of Escobar are children playing. The players now are multinational criminals, they can move people, organs, prostitutes, weapons. It is a cancer that does not live in Colombia but in the luxurious cities of the world. We have to go to the international financial systems, to the big luxurious cities on the planet. Young people, farmers, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia and further afield. We need to understand, to listen, we cannot impose things. We have to coordinate the best of our police intelligence and speak to each other on an equal footing. Coordinating police intelligence is a mathematical algorithm and Colombia is a master of that. We have to capture the head guys because nobody has touched them. They don’t live in the South. They are living in luxury and to seize their assets, palaces, bank accounts in the international financial system we need a political decision instead of hitting a poor peasant farmer.

Sudan: Thank you, Chair. I’d like to congratulate you upon your appointment as chair this session. My delegation congratulates Madam Duma, the new Executive Director of UNODC. We wish her every success in her mission. My delegation endorses the statements made by G77+ China and the African Group. Chair, the rebellion that continues in my country that has continued for three years has created an extremely complex setting in our efforts towards drug control. Because they have led to an increased supply of drugs and an increased demand . This has also impeded the government’s efforts to tackle this phenomenon. We have seen cases where drug control agencies have been set on fire to, including the Commission for Drug Control of the Ministry of the Interior, the National Commission for Medication, and the National Drug Control Agency. Moreover, civil society organisations working in drug control have also been affected. We have seen the use of sophisticated weapons and munitions allowing them to have access to various sites and these groups have taken control in cannabis cultivation areas. We have seen cooperation between rebel groups and criminal groups and networks. In spite of these challenges, the government is making every effort to face the world drug problem through raising awareness, prevention and through strengthening cooperation and information exchange between regular forces, as well as dismantling drug trafficking networks. We are seeking to exchange more information with African states and Arab states and we have also sought to treat people with dependence issues. We’re noting an increase in tramadol, cannabis and opioids, even though we have dismantled a cat laboratory upon liberation from the rebels. Bearing in mind this complex situation, we hope to consolidate our partnership with UNODC, as well as with all regional partners to dismantle laboratories, to secure information systems, to provide support to ground operations, and to provide portable detection equipment, as well as specialized training relating to financial investigations and in managing border operations and efforts to combat cyber crime. We are also seeking to update our legislative framework and continue with our rehabilitation centers for people dealing with dependence. My delegation hopes that the UNODC can develop an emergency response plan for Sudan that is tailored for a country experiencing a conflict, rather than the typical programs. We ask for technical assistance programs, including better maritime and land surveillance equipment and we hope to ensure that we can receive more compensation for the premises owned by the drug control offices. We also hope to see greater cooperation with the regional and international organizations to face the drug problem. Thank you. 

Costa Rica: Good afternoon, Chair. My country would like to congratulate you and all members of the Bureau on their election. My delegation fully subscribes to the statement made by GRULAC, G77 and China. The world drug problem continues to be one of the most complex and multifaceted problems challenging the international community. This reality has a disproportionate impact on people in vulnerable situations, it exacerbates social, economic and territorial inequalities, and generates a significant impact on Human Rights. Dealing with this problem requires a comprehensive response that takes into account the socio economic factors linked to production, manufacture,  and illicit trafficking of drugs. It requires balanced, sustainable, long-term policies. Policies that include measures for alternative development, people-focused, and respectful of diverse contexts. The issues caused by drug consumption continue to have an impact on physical and mental health, on security and well-being in our societies and yet the illicit markets continue to expand and change quickly with the proliferation of synthetic drugs and the misuse and diversion of chemical precursors and the use of digital platforms that facilitate the production, commercialization and distribution of drugs. It’s a priority to strengthen the  control of precursors and chemical substances that are not subject to international control, and specialized equipment used to manufacture illicit synthetic drugs. We need to work more with the private sector to promote due diligence to proceed with the timely exchange of information, and have traceability on supply channels to prevent diversion. This scenario contributes to instability, violence, organized crime, and environmental deterioration, threatening the way of life and human security.  We need an urgent, coordinated response based on scientific evidence. Costa Rica supports multilateral initiatives to deal with the phenomenon of synthetic drugs, including those measures promoted by the United States for coordinated action to deal with fentanyl and other synthetic opioids. Costa Rica will share its experience in a side event on Public Private Partnerships. We will present a strategic approach to prevent the diversion of precursors, chemical substances not subject to control, and specialized equipment used in the manufacturing of illicit drugs. We hope you all attend, it will be at 3:00 pm on Thursday. Costa Rica is building a national drug policy and plan 2026-2035. This will be an inter-institutional, comprehensive instrument that is human-rights-based. This policy will acknowledge the cross-cutting nature of the phenomenon and will work on prevention and attention to consumption, strengthening the control of chemical precursors, emerging substances, and specialized equipment.  The aim will be control, contention and repression of illicit trafficking and strengthening our national anti money laundering service to combat the financing of organized crime. Given the transnational nature of illicit drug trafficking, no state can do this alone. We have to strengthen international cooperation, mutual legal assistance and the timely exchange of information, particularly in regard to access to modern and emerging technologies for detection and control. It is also essential to promote cooperation for development, to strengthen national capacities and prevention, public health and social development as pillars for a sustainable, balanced, people-centric response. Once again, Costa Rica reaffirms its commitment to the international drug control system, and with a full and effective implementation of international conventions with strict respect for human rights, and the principle of joint and shared responsibility. Our country will continue to promote people-centric policies, strengthening cooperation with the private sector and civil society and aiming to build safer, more resilient and inclusive societies. Thank you.

India: Thank you Mr. Chair. On behalf of the Government of India, I take this opportunity to reaffirm India’s unwavering commitment to the purposes and principles of the three drug control conventions and to strengthen multilateral cooperation in addressing the world drug problem in a comprehensive manner. MR Chair, India views the drug problem as a profound threat to national security, public health and societal stability. It is in this context that we have adopted a policy of zero tolerance with the ambitious goal of achieving a drug free India. We are developing a comprehensive roadmap towards a drug-free India. The drug problem requires a comprehensive response based on balanced and mutually reinforcing pillars of supply reduction and demand reduction. We have institutionalized our national coordination center to announce operational synergy between law enforcement, demand and harm reduction agencies. Our intensified supply-reduction efforts have led to nearly 150,000 cases being discharged against more than 180,000 offenders last year. We have witnessed a surge in the trafficking of hybrid cannabis to India. With seizures increasing over by 600% in the last one year. To deepen our fight against drug trafficking, we are targeting kingpins, financiers, and supply networks to target their sources of financing. We uphold that drug traffickers must face the full force of the law. We therefore… These centers have also been expanding availability for those suffering from opioid dependence. Our centers also provide services for those addicted to psychoactive substances. The latest drug report has highlighted that % of the world’s population. As manufacturers… MKR. Chair, the evolving challenges of misuse of technology and increasing the … call for shared responsibility which calls for intelligence sharing and capacity building. 

Kyrgyzstan: I have the honour to speak on behalf of the commission of drugs and drug dependence. Kyrgyztan implements a balanced and comprehensive approach in strict compliance with the international drug control conventions, the 2009 Plan of Action and the UNGASS 2016 Outcome Document. Kyrgyztan has faced a rapid growth in NPS, precursors, and pre-precursors and their substitutes. They pose serious risks to public health and are trafficked through various corridors. Kyrgyztan submitted a resolution on early warning mechanisms and assessment systems to enable effective responses to NPS and their precursors. They are aligned with previous relevant resolutions. To date, there has not been a resolution that systematically integrates different components necessary for early warning systems. It brings together data from law enforcement and laboratories, while emphasising the need for other data from intelligence. It is an approach that brings together support from business communities. Kyrgyztan took a step forward in 2025 for an early warning mechanism. This is the first such system in Central Asia. It has been entrusted to the Ministry for Internal Affairs and the Commission for Drugs and Drug Dependence and includes civil society. The promise to roll out an early warning mechanism has been fulfilled. It offers a flexible phased approach, intensifies coordination with UNODC and INCB and relevant programmes. It is relevant to countries with limited resources. The draft resolution also strengthens the rule of law in accordance with the 2030 Agenda. We ask all member states to actively engage. We stand ready to collaborate with international partners, and to implement the mechanism at national and regional levels, for the benefit of the international community.

South Africa: I congratulate the Chair for his election and thank you for your preparations for this excellent meeting. South Africa aligns with the statements delivered by the Africa group, and the G77 with China. South Africa like many other countries is not immune to the challenges of the drug problem. We remain steadfast to protect our people and contribute to the global fight against drugs. Countering the world drug problem is a common and shared responsibility that should focus on international cooperation based on a scientific, evidence-based and comprehensive approach. Although South Africa is conscious of the liquidity problem in the UN budget, we support efforts to address the constraints but it should not compromise efforts to implement the mandate of the Commission including attainment of the SDG 2030 Agenda. South Africa has established a committee to address femicide and other concerns. It is part of efforts to implement the national plan against drugs. It provides a unified response to the complexities of the drug problem. South Africa has approved the policy for the prevention and treatment of substance use disorders, in full alignment with drug control instruments. Recognising the emerging threat of substances and falsified pharmaceutical products, South Africa launched a plan in 2025 in collaboration with the WHO, establishing South Africa as a regional leader to combat counterfeit pharmaceuticals. We note concerns with the use of opioids. Our laboratories are implementing early warning systems. International cooperation is essential. We commend UNODC and INCB for their training platform and early warning advisory systems. We can develop effective strategies to protect health and uphold international commitments. We are committed to implementing the international drug control treaties and human rights approaches. We commend and welcome the appointment of Ms. Duma as the Executive Director of UNODC as well as Director General of UNOV.

Honduras: Honduras reaffirms commitment to the three international drug control conventions. It is essential to continue to review the progress made internationally, and to monitor the production of synthetic drugs and opioids. Honduras acknowledges that combating drug trafficking and transnational organised crime requires international cooperation. Drug trafficking impacts our societies and diverts resources away from health and education. Strengthening exchange of information, sharing good practices, and supporting national investigation mechanisms is necessary. As a transit country, Honduras is facing challenges in combating trafficking. In adopting a security approach, living and working without fear requires various measures with the support of allied countries and international cooperation. Honduras notes progress in strengthening border control and interdiction operation with police and customs, leading to a large cocaine seizures, destruction of coca bushes and dismantling a laboratory to process cocaine-based paste.Those results reflect the commitment of Honduras to combat the illicit production and trafficking of drugs, acknowledging that it is only through coordinated actions that we can success. The need to balance these measures with public health needs is important, including for pain treatment and palliative care. Honduras will continue working with UNDOC to strengthen security, protect public health and the integral development of our societies.

Netherlands: The Kingdom of the Netherlands aligns with the statement of the EU. I wish to add: today we face a complex and evolving drug landscape. Drug use and deaths are rising with increased synthetic opioids and other substances, undermining public health and rule of law. Impacts are felt across all of society. Drug use is not part of a healthy lifestyle. We strengthen efforts to raise awareness of the harms to health. Our systems are essential for identifying risks at an early stage, as well as other prevention and treatment. Drug use and supply are closely connected, and with the role of organised crime. We increase efforts to disrupt criminal revenue streams and support local initiatives to protect vulnerable youths from being recruited into criminal networks. The NL chooses a human rights approach and opposes use of the death penalty and extrajudicial killings. Addressing these issues requires international cooperation and civil society. The operation of the UNODC and INCB are needed for an effective global response. Cooperation with regional actors is important. Evaluate what works and what doesn’t, and being ready to change course when new data is revealed. Dealing with setbacks. Referring to evidence enables us to face the challenges we face and to develop responses. 

Finland: Finland aligns with the statement of the EU. I make the following remarks in my national capacity: Finland continues to implement its plan from 2 years ago, working measures to help youths and preventing violence. We prioritise addressing drug-related crime and violence especially amongst youth, filling gaps in youth services. We are challenged by the rapidly evolving synthetic drug markets – a major threat to security and health. Responding to precursors, pre-precursors and designer precursors requires coordination with different authorities. Finland does this with various actors. Finland supports Ukraine’s sovereignty and territory. This year marks 10 years since the UNGASS 2016 Outcome Document. Reviewing progress allows us to identify the steps forward. We call on member states to focus on health as the key response to drug use. All sectors and the entire range of health responses is needed. I stress that drug policy should respect human rights, respect gender equality and tackle stigma and discrimination. We value the role of civil society and people with lived and living experiences.

Azerbaijan: The global drug problem continues to evolve in size and methods, harnessing digital platforms. An effective response requires robust national actions. Azerbaijan stands resolute in upholding the international drug control framework. We ensure our national laws and practices reflect our international commitments. At the national level, programmes endorsed at the highest level combined demand and supply reduction measures, expands access to treatment and strengthens cooperation between law enforcement agencies. Transnational organised crime networks exploit our borders. Strong border control and cooperation is necessary. For more than 3 decades, almost 20% of Azerbaijan’s territory remained outside government control. With the resolution of territorial integrity, Azerbaijan established full control, preventing illicit activities. We are addressing emerging threats including online drug distribution. In 2025, A recorded nearly 8000 drug related crimes, seized 8.3 tonnes of narcotic and psychotropic substances. International cooperation is central to these efforts, Azerbaijan works closely with UNODC and Interpol. We play a vital role in regional information and intelligence sharing. A remains fully committed to achieving a resilient society free from the harms of illicit drugs.

Albania: The global drug landscape is evolving at speed. Synthetic drugs and increasingly sophisticated network are challenging us. For Albania, this reality reinforces the need for policies that are balanced, evidence-based and rooted in international cooperation. We remain committed to implementing the international drug control conventions. We have strengthened our national capacities to identify and respond to drug threats, including within state police. This is needed for timely actions to protect public health and safety. In its first year of operation, the unit issued alerts and identified two new substances in our territory including one that was subsequently announced by the European drug mechanism. Our efforts to strengthen institutional capacity and evidence based policies. Albania’s parliament adopted amendments to national legislation on drugs, aligning our framework with the EU and international standards, promoting a balanced approach across prevention, treatment amongst others. In an interconnected world, cooperation is indispensable. Albania will continue to work with international organisation, regional actors and civil society to respond to the world drug problem. We are committed to advancing policies that uphold our shared responsibility in addressing the world drug problem. 

Chile: CND is a space for multilateralism to achieve our shared goals. Chile acknowledges the importance of addressing economic and other factors to address drug problems, and the 2030 agenda. We believe that public drug policies should adopt a people-centred approach. The intersection of the integrity of the criminal justice system, lack of access to education, human rights and public security. We prioritise prevention as an effective tool especially amongst young people. It requires comprehensive solutions, involving health services and civil society amongst others. We are concerned with the use of synthetic drugs and other substances, especially amongst young people and recreational use. Chile is strengthening early warning systems to identify new substances on the market. We are strengthening adaptability to work with these challenges.

Chair: I invite Venezuela to exercise the right of reply.

Venezuela: Venezuela wishes to exercise the right of reply to the accusations made by the USA. First, it is important to recall that many UNODC reports have shown that Venezuela is not a relevant actor in drug trafficking to the USA. Venezuela has had an effective and sustained policy to combat trafficking based on international cooperation, territorial oversight and security institutions. We have neutralised criminal groups. It is worrying that those affirmations are taking place after serious interventions. These are respectful conversations between our two governments. Now is the time to honour that willingness to dialogue and avoid narratives that do not enable cooperation to deal with a problem that our countries all share. We request the USA to contribute to that climate of dialogue and respect so that we can progress in addressing the scourge that is affecting our nations.

Chair: I have no other request for the right to reply.

Australia: Distinguished Chair and delegates. The CND remains the most valuable global forum for advancing our international drug policy commitments. Australia, as a trusted world-leading producer of opioids for pharmaceutical purposes remains committed to the integrity of the international drug control framework. The continued presence of synthetic drugs and new psychoactive substances in our local markets presents ongoing social, health and security challenges. Australia is implementing a series of measures to address these challenges, including through the establishment of a prompt response network. Chair, methamphetamine remains the drug posing the greatest challenge for Australia and our region. Australia is working closely with our regional partners to detect, deter, and disrupt drug trafficking, but transnational series and organized crime groups through programs such as the Mekong Australia Partnership on Translational Crime, the Pacific Policing Initiative and our support for UNODC’s safe handling and drug disposal work in South-East Asia, we are building deeper and stronger cooperation across the Indo-Pacific to combat this shared challenge. Australia recently launched a new wastewater drug monitoring program in Fiji, which reflects the shared commitment of both nations to improving community safety and public health. Increases in methamphetamine availability coupled with unsafe injecting practices have been attributed to  increased HIV transmission in the region. Australia is supporting efforts in South-East Asia and the Pacific addressing this and the transmission of blood-borne infections with contributions to the  Global Fund and through the new Australian support for the Pacific HIV Action Initiative. Evidence-based interventions such as needle syringe exchange programs remain essential to effective responses. Australia reiterates the importance of evidence-informed measures, and respect for human rights and gender equality. This includes engagement with relevant stakeholders, which includes civil societies and affected populations. Australia underscores that there is no evidence that the death penalty deters drug-related offenses and we will continue to work towards its abolition. Working towards our review in 2029, we must consider our international drug policy commitments, human rights obligations, and commitment to the 2030 Agenda for sustainable development to be complementary and mutually reinforcing. We look forward to contributing to a productive CND 69. 

Chair: Item 3 will resume after the vote on agenda item 5(e). The meeting is adjourned for today.